Assessment of Anthropometric and Biochemical Indices in Predicting Metabolic Syndrome Across Obesity Classes
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 332
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to classify levels of obesity.
研究概览
简要总结
This observational cross-sectional study classified participants into obesity classes (Class I: BMI 30.0-34.9, Class II: 35.0-39.9, Class III: ≥40.0 kg/m²) based on WHO criteria. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were used to calculate a wide range of obesity-related and cardiometabolic risk indices. The aim was to analyze whether these indices could effectively predict the presence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), as defined by the NCEP-ATP III criteria.
详细描述
In this study, a comprehensive set of anthropometric, biochemical, and derived indices was utilized to assess the relationship between obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) beyond the scope of traditional measures. While Body Mass Index (BMI) served as the primary criterion for general obesity classification, it was complemented by additional indices that are considered more reflective of fat distribution and visceral adiposity. These included the Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHpR), Body Adiposity Index (BAI), and Conicity Index (COI), all of which provide greater specificity in evaluating central obesity-a key factor in cardiometabolic risk.
To capture the metabolic dimension of obesity, biochemical indices such as the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index were calculated, as this marker has been shown to correlate strongly with early insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis disruption. Additionally, the Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), which combines waist circumference and triglyceride levels, was employed to estimate the extent of visceral fat accumulation and its associated metabolic burden.
To further investigate cardiovascular and atherogenic risk, several lipid-based indices were assessed, including the Atherogenic Coefficient (AC), Atherogenic Plasma Index (API), the Triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio, non-HDL cholesterol, and the Cholindex. The inclusion of these diverse indices allowed for a more nuanced and multidimensional evaluation of the associations between obesity phenotypes and MetS status, with the aim of identifying reliable predictors beyond conventional clinical parameters.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Case Only
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 65 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Being diagnosed with obesity
- •Being between the ages of 18 and 65
排除标准
- •Having any other chronic disease (cardiovascular disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid dysfunction, asthma, etc.)
- •Receiving hormone therapy
- •Taking lipid-lowering medication
- •Being pregnant/breastfeeding
- •Having an acute infection
- •Having a malignant or inflammatory disease
结局指标
主要结局
Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to classify levels of obesity.
时间窗: Directly taken by trained staff during face-to-face assessments.
BMI is an anthropometric parameter obtained by dividing body weight in kilograms by the square of height in metres (kg/m²). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, individuals with a BMI of less than 18.5 kg/m² are underweight; those with a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m² are of normal weight; those with a BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 kg/m² are overweight (pre-obese); and those with a BMI between 30.0 and 34.9 kg/m² are classified as class 1 obese (moderate); those between 35.0-39.9 kg/m² are class 2 obese (severe); and those ≥40.0 kg/m² are class 3 obese (morbid)
Conicity Index
时间窗: Directly taken by trained staff during face-to-face assessments.
WC (m) / \[0.109 × √(Weight (kg) / Height (m))\]
Triglyceride-Glucose Index
时间窗: Biochemical data were retrospectively obtained from hospital medical records.
ln \[TG (mg/dL) × Fasting Glucose (mg/dL) / 2\]
MetS was diagnosed according to National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria.
时间窗: Anthropometric measurements were directly taken by trained staff during face-to-face assessments. Biochemical data were retrospectively obtained from hospital medical records.
Five clinical parameters were evaluated accordingly: WC, FBG, HDLc, TG level and blood pressure. The following were accepted as components of MetS: WC≥102 cm in men and ≥88 cm in women; TG level ≥150 mg/dL; HDLc level \<40 mg/dL in men and \<50 mg/dL in women; blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg; and FBG level ≥100 mg/dL. Individuals were classified as MetS (+) if at least three of the five specified parameters met the diagnostic criteria and as MetS (-) if they did not.
Waist-to-Hip Ratio
时间窗: Directly taken by trained staff during face-to-face assessments.
Waist Circumference (cm) / Hip Circumference (cm)
Body Adiposity Index
时间窗: Directly taken by trained staff during face-to-face assessments.
(Hip Circumference (cm) / \[Height (m)\]¹·⁵) - 18
Waist-to-Height Ratio
时间窗: Directly taken by trained staff during face-to-face assessments.
Waist Circumference (cm) / Height (cm)
Lipid Accumulation Product
时间窗: Anthropometric measurements were directly taken by trained staff during face-to-face assessments. Biochemical data were retrospectively obtained from hospital medical records.
For men: \[WC (cm) - 65\] × TG (mmol/L) For women: \[WC (cm) - 58\] × TG (mmol/L)
Atherogenic Index of Plasma
时间窗: Biochemical data were retrospectively obtained from hospital medical records.
log10 (TG / HDLc)
Visceral Adiposity Index
时间窗: Anthropometric measurements were directly taken by trained staff during face-to-face assessments. Biochemical data were retrospectively obtained from hospital medical records.
For men: \[WC (cm) / (39.68 + (1.88 × BMI))\] × (TG / 1.03) × (1.31 / HDLc) For women: \[WC (cm) / (36.58 + (1.89 × BMI))\] × (TG / 0.81) × (1.52 / HDLc)
Atherogenic Coefficient
时间窗: Biochemical data were retrospectively obtained from hospital medical records.
(Total Cholesterol - HDLc) / HDLc
TG/HDLc multiplied by Waist-to-Height Ratio combine index
时间窗: Anthropometric measurements were directly taken by trained staff during face-to-face assessments. Biochemical data were retrospectively obtained from hospital medical records.
(TG / HDLc) × WhtR
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Elif Azize Özşahin Delibaş
Assistant Professor
Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University