Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Fatigue and Warm-up on Respiratory Variables, Handgrip Strength, and Walking Capacity in Sedentary Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 入组人数
- 33
- 主要终点
- Respiratory muscle strength
研究概览
简要总结
Respiratory muscle training represents an effective method increasingly utilized in both sports and healthcare domains, employing various devices, among which threshold devices are prominent. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between inspiratory muscle fatigue or warm-up and muscular strength in upper and lower limbs, in sedentary older adults, as well as the association between such fatigue and other variables, including maximal inspiratory pressure, diaphragmatic ultrasonography, functionality and handgrip strength.
According to our hypothesis, the execution of a protocol inducing inspiratory muscle fatigue or activation in sedentary older adults could influence muscular strength, respiratory function and exercise capacity.
In this study, subjects will be divided into three groups: the fatigue group , the activation group and the control group.
Measurements of variables, such as maximal inspiratory pressure, diaphragmatic strength (ultrasound image) and functional capacity, will be conducted.
详细描述
This is a randomized control trial. The fatigue group (EG) will perform the inspiratory muscle fatigue protocol using a specific inspiratory endurance test, in which volunteers, one-on-one, and in a single session, will breathe against submaximal inspiratory loads equivalent to 60% of their Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) through a threshold valve device. The participants will follow a free pattern of breathing until they are unable to establish flow during at least 3 maximum inspiratory efforts.
The activation group (AG) will perform the protocol of 2 sets of 30 repetitions at 15% of their MIP, one-on-one, and in a single session, using a threshold valve device.
The control group will do a seat and wait.
The interventions will be supervised by a physiotherapist. The primary outcomes will be
Walking capacity will be assessed using the 6 minutes walking test (6MWT) immediately before intervention and immediately after intervention Respiratory muscle strength will be assessed using a respiratory pressure meter or manometer designed, and with ultrasound image measuring the cross sectional area of the diaphragm at 8-9th rib level and speed of contraction with a deep and fast inspiratory manoeuver. This will be done immediately before intervention and immediately after intervention Handgrip strength will be assessed using a handgrip dynamometer. This will be done immediately before intervention and immediately after intervention.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
the outcome assessor will not know in which group is each participant, and the investigator will receive the data without knowing which data is from which group
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 65 Years 至 99 Years（Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Being over 60 years old.
- •Physical independence in terms of gait and transfers
- •Engaging in less than 150 minutes of physical activity per week.
排除标准
- •Having any pathology that prevents the performance of physical activity.
- •Subjects with impaired cognitive abilities.
- •Subjects with tympanic perforation or middle-inner ear pathology.
- •Subjects with chronic respiratory, cardiac, renal, or metabolic pathology..
- •Subjects who have undergone lower limb surgery within the past 12 months.
结局指标
主要结局
Respiratory muscle strength
时间窗: Immediately before intervention and immediately after intervention
It will be assessed using a MicroRPM® (MicroMedical, UK). Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP): The person will be instructed to take a maximal deep breath in, and then exhale to residual volume. After that, they will be asked to inhale forcefully against the resistance provided by the MicroRPM®. This measures the strength of the inspiratory muscles. The measures will be expressed in cmH2O.
Diaphragmatic thickness and thickening fraction
时间窗: Immediately before intervention and immediately after intervention
Diaphragmatic thickness and thickening fraction The linear array probe with a frequency of 3.0-10 megahertz (MHz) is placed perpendicularly to chest wall close to the mid-axillary line which is between the 8th and 10th intercostal space. The thickness of diaphragm is measured at the end of expiration and maximum inspiration for three times and the average values were recorded. The measures will be expressed in centimeters.
Diaphragm movement curve
时间窗: Immediately before intervention and immediately after intervention
The convex array probe with a frequency of 1.5-4.6 MHz is placed below the midclavicular line of the right costal margin in longitudinal scanning plane. The liver was used as an inspection window, and the probe was pointed toward the cephalic side. The ultrasound bundle is perpendicular to the posterior third of the right diaphragm. M-mode ultrasound is used to record the diaphragmatic movement curve during quiet breathing (QB) and deep breathing (DB). The measures will be expressed in milliseconds.
次要结局
- 6 minutes walking test(Immediately before intervention and immediately after intervention)
- Handgrip strength(Immediately before intervention and immediately after intervention)