Assessment of Oxidative Stress Parameters in Jordanian Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia, a widespread complication affecting pregnant women globally, necessitates a thorough investigation into the role of oxidative stress in its manifestation. This study aimed to assess the oxidative stress markers-malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and thioredoxin (Trx) in preeclamptic compared to healthy pregnant women.

Methods: Ethical approval was obtained from Al-Ahliyya Amman University prior to starting the study. A total of 90 participants (45 preeclamptic pregnant women and 45 healthy pregnant women) were included in this study. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by HUMAN200 auto analyzer (Germany) using a homogeneous enzymatic colorimetric assay. A kit from GenoChem world was used to measure the MDA levels via a colorimetric analysis technique Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the serum levels of Trx and 4-HNE.

Results: The results revealed significantly elevated levels of MDA and 4-HNE in preeclamptic women compared to their healthy counterparts (P<0.001). Although Trx levels did not differ significantly (P=0.29), marked distinctions were observed in LDL-C, TC, HDL-C, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.001). Preeclamptic women exhibited substantially higher LDL, TC, and blood pressure, and lower HDL.

Conclusion: This study highlights the correlation between elevated oxidative stress markers and an elevated risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women, which may suggest the impact of these markers in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. These findings underscore the need for a nuanced understanding of these markers to enhance prenatal care and facilitate targeted interventions