The Role of the Endocannabinoid System in Sweet Taste Intensity and Liking
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 10
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Relation between sweet taste intensity and liking
研究概览
简要总结
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system, a neurochemical signalling system consisting of CB-receptors and their endogenous ligands, has been found to be involved in food intake of sweet and palatable foods. Activation of the eCB system increases food intake and vice versa. The mechanism behind this effect is still unknown and the current study aims at clarifying why sweet food intake increases. It is hypothesized that sweet taste intensity increases and that sweet taste is experienced as more pleasant.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 35 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •BMI: 18.5 - 25 kg/m2
- •Incidental cannabis use for at least one year, at least four times per year, but less than once a week.
- •Dutch-speaking
- •Willing to comply with the study procedures
- •Having given written informed consent
排除标准
- •Not meeting the inclusion criteria
- •Restraint eating (men: score > 2.90)
- •Lack of appetite
- •Having difficulties with swallowing/eating
- •Usage of an energy restricted diet during the last two months
- •Weight loss or weight gain of 5kg or more during the last two months
- •Stomach or bowel disease
- •Diabetes, thyroid disease, other endocrine disorders
- •Use of daily medication except paracetamol
- •Having taste or smell disorders (self-report)
- •Being allergic/intolerant for products under study
- •Previously experienced an adverse reaction to cannabinoids (e.g. anxiety, paranoia, nausea)
- •Having (had) a schizophrenia or other psychotic illness
- •Having a family history of schizophrenia or other psychotic illness
- •Working at the Division of Human Nutrition (WUR)
- •Current participation in other research from the Division of Human Nutrition (WUR)
研究组 & 干预措施
T-C-P
Order of administrations: tetrahydrocannabinol - cannabidiol - placebo
干预措施: tetrahydrocannabinol (Drug)
T-C-P
Order of administrations: tetrahydrocannabinol - cannabidiol - placebo
干预措施: cannabidiol (Drug)
T-C-P
Order of administrations: tetrahydrocannabinol - cannabidiol - placebo
干预措施: Placebo (Drug)
T-P-C
Order of administrations: tetrahydrocannabinol - placebo - cannabidiol
干预措施: tetrahydrocannabinol (Drug)
T-P-C
Order of administrations: tetrahydrocannabinol - placebo - cannabidiol
干预措施: cannabidiol (Drug)
T-P-C
Order of administrations: tetrahydrocannabinol - placebo - cannabidiol
干预措施: Placebo (Drug)
C - T - P
Order of administrations: cannabidiol - tetrahydrocannabinol - placebo
干预措施: tetrahydrocannabinol (Drug)
C - T - P
Order of administrations: cannabidiol - tetrahydrocannabinol - placebo
干预措施: cannabidiol (Drug)
C - T - P
Order of administrations: cannabidiol - tetrahydrocannabinol - placebo
干预措施: Placebo (Drug)
C - P - T
Order of administrations: cannabidiol - placebo - tetrahydrocannabinol
干预措施: tetrahydrocannabinol (Drug)
C - P - T
Order of administrations: cannabidiol - placebo - tetrahydrocannabinol
干预措施: cannabidiol (Drug)
C - P - T
Order of administrations: cannabidiol - placebo - tetrahydrocannabinol
干预措施: Placebo (Drug)
P - T - C
Order of administrations: placebo - tetrahydrocannabinol - cannabidiol
干预措施: tetrahydrocannabinol (Drug)
P - T - C
Order of administrations: placebo - tetrahydrocannabinol - cannabidiol
干预措施: cannabidiol (Drug)
P - T - C
Order of administrations: placebo - tetrahydrocannabinol - cannabidiol
干预措施: Placebo (Drug)
P - C - T
Order of administrations: placebo - cannabidiol - tetrahydrocannabinol
干预措施: tetrahydrocannabinol (Drug)
P - C - T
Order of administrations: placebo - cannabidiol - tetrahydrocannabinol
干预措施: cannabidiol (Drug)
P - C - T
Order of administrations: placebo - cannabidiol - tetrahydrocannabinol
干预措施: Placebo (Drug)
结局指标
主要结局
Relation between sweet taste intensity and liking
时间窗: 15 minutes after intervention
The main study parameter is the relation between sucrose intensity scaling (psychophysics) and liking (psychohedonics) of drinks with the different sucrose concentrations. These scores will be assessed after six participants and at end of the study.
次要结局
- Ranking order of pleasantness of different drinks with different levels of sucrose.(25 minutes after intervention)
- Preferences for different kinds of foods(45 minutes after intervention (15 minutes after top-up dose))
- Ad libitum intake(35 minutes after intervention (5 minutes after top-up dose))
- Change of plasma levels of (endo-)cannabinoids and satiety hormones(One hour after intervention)
- Polymorphisms(At test session, i.e., 2 weeks before first intervention)