Effect of Manual Lymphatic Drainage on Muscle Fatigue in Female 11-a-side Football Players
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 11
- 试验地点
- 3
- 主要终点
- Number of repetitions
研究概览
简要总结
This clinical trial investigates the effectiveness of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) in accelerating recovery following induced fatigue in female football players. The study integrates objective performance measurements using linear encoders with anthropometric assessments and psychophysiological evaluations. It aims to quantify the impact of MLD on neuromuscular recovery, muscle edema, and perceived fatigue, considering sex-specific physiological factors and the influence of sleep and psychological stress. The findings will contribute to developing non-invasive, individualized recovery strategies to enhance performance and reduce injury risk in women's football.
详细描述
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) as a recovery strategy following induced fatigue in female football players. The intervention is applied immediately after a standardized fatigue protocol using a linear encoder to objectively measure performance decline. The study adopts a multidimensional approach, integrating biomechanical, physiological, and psychometric variables to evaluate recovery.
Participants will undergo three experimental sessions involving a fatigue protocol followed by either MLD or control conditions. Performance will be assessed through guided machine squats, measuring the number of repetitions and time until a 20% velocity loss. Thigh circumference will be measured pre- and post-intervention to monitor fluid shifts and potential edema. Subjective recovery perception will be recorded, and emotional state will be evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Sleep quality will be assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to explore its influence on fatigue and recovery response.
This trial addresses the need for non-invasive, efficient recovery strategies tailored to female athletes, considering sex-specific physiological and psychological factors. The findings may contribute to optimizing post-exercise recovery protocols and reducing injury risk in women's football.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Na
- 干预模型
- Single Group
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
盲法说明
One of the members of the research team that will carry out the data analysis is not aware of the intervention that will be performed
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 16 Years 至 20 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Female athletes actively participating in 11-a-side football, either federated or official team members.
- •Age ≥ 16 years to 20 years old.
- •Regular training (≥ 3 sessions per week) or active competition
- •No food intake within 3 hours prior to evaluation (to standardize the influence of digestion on performance).
- •No acute lower limb injury in the past 3 months.
- •Availability to attend all three study visits.
- •Signed informed consent; for participants under 18, parental consent is also required.
排除标准
- •History of deep vein thrombosis
- •Decompensated heart failure
- •Active lower limb infection
- •Pregnancy
- •Recent lower limb surgery (< 3 months), or any medical contraindication to receiving manual lymphatic drainage (MLD).
- •Failure to comply with the fasting requirement prior to performance testing.
研究组 & 干预措施
Manual Lymphatic Drainage Group
The study consists of three visits. During the first visit, participants are informed about the study, eligibility criteria are verified, informed consent is obtained, and baseline assessments are conducted using psychophysiological questionnaires and thigh circumference measurements. In the second visit, assessments are repeated and fatigue is induced through guided squats at 50-60% of estimated 1RM, monitored via a linear encoder. Fatigue is defined as a 20% loss in execution velocity. Immediately after fatigue induction, manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) is applied for 10 minutes (5 minutes per quadriceps), following Emil Vodder's standardized technique. Post-intervention, performance testing and measurements are repeated. The third visit, conducted 15 days later, serves as a follow-up to evaluate sustained effects without further intervention, repeating the fatigue protocol and all assessments.
干预措施: Manual lymphatic draige (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Number of repetitions
时间窗: baseline; 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the first procedure, 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the second procedure, and 15 days after the procedure was completed.
Number of repetitions until 20% velocity loss: recorded via linear encoder during guided squat test.
Time to fatigue
时间窗: baseline; 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the first procedure, 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the second procedure, and 15 days after the procedure was completed.
Time to fatigue (seconds): total time from first repetition until velocity drops by 20%.
Velocity profile
时间窗: baseline; 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the first procedure, 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the second procedure, and 15 days after the procedure was completed.
average velocity per repetition, expressed in m/s.
Thigh circumference (cm)
时间窗: baseline; 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the first procedure, 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the second procedure, and 15 days after the procedure was completed.
measured with a non-elastic tape at the midpoint between the anterior superior iliac spine and the upper border of the patella, in both legs, pre- and post-intervention.
Perceived fatigue
时间窗: baseline; 5 minutes before and 5 moinutes after the first procedure, 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the second procedure, and 15 days after the procedure was completed.
assessed using Borg CR-10 scale (0 = no fatigue, 10 = maximum fatigue).
Perceived pain (VAS)
时间窗: baseline; 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the first procedure, 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the second procedure, and 15 days after the procedure was completed.
assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (maximum pain).
Perceived recovery (PRS)
时间窗: baseline; 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the first procedure, 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after the second procedure, and 15 days after the procedure was completed.
assessed using the Perceived Recovery Status Scale (PRS), ranging from 0 (no recovery) to 10 (full recovery).
次要结局
- Sleep quality (PSQI)(baseline, after the second procedure and 15 days after the procedure was completed)
- Emotional state(baseline, after the second procedure and 15 days after the procedure was completed)
- Sociodemographic Variables(Baseline)
- Dominant leg(Baseline)
- Sports experience (years)(baseline)
- Training frequency (sessions/week)(baseline)
- Menstrual cycle phase(baseline, after the second procedure and 15 days after the procedure was completed)
研究者
Edurne Úbeda D'Ocasar
Doctor Edurne Úbeda D'Ocasar
Camilo Jose Cela University