The Clinical Relevance of Immune Cells and Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 300
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- The correlation among CTC numbers, PD-1 expressions and the prognosis of patients.
研究概览
简要总结
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are mainly caused by tobacco, alcohol consumption and betel nut chewing and the sixth most common cancer in the world. Despite significant advances in the treatment modalities involving surgery, radiotherapy, and concomitant chemoradiotherapy, the 5-year survival rate remained below 50% for the past 30 years.
The worse prognosis of these cancers must certainly be linked to the fact that HNSCCs strongly influence the host immune system. During this process, mesenchymal tumor-like cells are highly mobile and enter quickly adjacent structure (intravasation), from where they travel through lymphatic and blood vessels as circulating tumor cells (CTC), which are single cells with malignant potential detected in the peripheral bloodstream and essential for establishing metastasis.
Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) play pivotal roles in regulating host immune responses. Substantial evidence has demonstrated that PD-L1 can deliver an inhibitory signal to PD-1 expressing T cells, leading to suppression of the immune response by inducing apoptosis, energy, unresponsiveness and functional exhaustion of T cells. However, the inhibitory effects of this pathway on the function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, the main effector cells in HNSCC patients, are not well defined.
In this study aims to solve two main problems: one is to improve and try to optimize current protocols of CTC isolations based on the investigator previous work, which is one of most challenging problems in CTC field to date; the other is to understand the status of immune system in HNSCC patients, especially focusing on PD-1-PD-L1 pathway and its expressions. After series basic experiments of immune cell analysis and conditional adjustment of CTC isolation protocols, the investigator are willing to isolate CTCs and immune cells at a single blood drawing at the same time. A prospective trial will be conducted to elucidate the roles of PD-1 expression lymphocytes and CTC numbers on the clinical outcomes of HNSCC patients.
详细描述
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To establish a platform to increase the efficiency and purity for isolation and enumeration of circulating tumor cells from patients with head and neck cancer.
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Compare the differences and determine the most efficient method or combination of negative, positive selection, optoelectronic dielectrophoresis (ODEP) and flow cytometry sorting technology.
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Negative Selection
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Positive Selection
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ODEP devices
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Flow Cytometry and Sorting System
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Use the upgraded platform and test among different groups for efficiency test. (Planned subjects: healthy donor: n=30; early-stage (stage I=II) patients=9; locally-advanced=9 and metastatic, n=9; total n=60)
- Clinical Enrollment for Device/Method Validation
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To confirm programmed death-1(PD-1) expression could be successfully detected and up-regulated on cytotoxic T cells using cell lines natural killer cell (NK-92).
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Cell Culture of NK-92, OECM-1, SCC-4 and K562
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Immunostaining methods for PD-1 expression
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Flow cytometry for ratio of PD-1 expression
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To observe the functional changes of the cytotoxic T cells with PD-1 expression using cell lines and immunomagnetic bead-based isolation method.
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Positive Isolation for PD-1 Expressing Cells
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CD107a cytotoxicity assay
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Cell-mediated cytotoxicity assays
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Confirm these findings in whole blood sample from healthy donors (n=15) and HNSCC patients (n=15).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 20 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Established head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
- •Age >=20 years old with clear consciousness, decided by free wills.
- •Ability to sign informed consent
排除标准
- •Patient's refusal
- •Poor compliance, cannot draw blood for CTCs isolation as time schedule or clinical treatment or follow-up
- •Difficult blood sampling
- •No more needs for CTCs evaluation, decided by clinicians.
- •Inability to comply with study and/or follow-up procedures.
结局指标
主要结局
The correlation among CTC numbers, PD-1 expressions and the prognosis of patients.
时间窗: one year
The CTCs will be isolated and then the number of CTCs will be measured. PD-1 expression from locally advanced or metastatic HNSCC patients will be validated. Measure response or progression events via all available imaging studies, including Chest-Xray, CT scans, or MRI, PET study. The relationship between CTCs number, PD1 expression and time from CTCs checkpoint to disease progression will be analyzed.
次要结局
- Overall survival(one year)