Acute Changes in Gastrocnemius Muscle Stiffness Following Different Work-Rest Calf-Raise Protocols and Percussive Therapy: A Randomized Crossover Experimental Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 30
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Mean Change in Medial Gastrocnemius Shear-Wave Velocity
研究概览
简要总结
This study evaluated how different exercise and rest schedules during calf-raise exercise affected the stiffness of the calf muscle in trained volleyball athletes. It also examined how muscle stiffness changed during a five-minute recovery period in which percussive therapy was applied.
Thirty volleyball athletes, including 15 women and 15 men, completed three exercise sessions in a randomized order. During each session, participants performed repeated calf raises for a total period of five minutes using one of three work-to-rest schedules: 30 seconds of exercise followed by 30 seconds of rest, 15 seconds of exercise followed by 45 seconds of rest, or 45 seconds of exercise followed by 15 seconds of rest.
The stiffness of the medial gastrocnemius, one of the main calf muscles, was measured using shear-wave elastography. Measurements were taken before exercise, immediately after exercise, and after the five-minute percussive therapy recovery period.
详细描述
This randomized, three-period crossover study examined the acute effects of different work-to-rest configurations during a standardized bilateral calf-raise exercise on medial gastrocnemius stiffness in trained volleyball athletes.
Thirty participants, comprising 15 women and 15 men, completed three experimental sessions in a computer-generated randomized order. Sessions were separated by at least 48 hours and were conducted at approximately the same time of day for each participant to reduce the effects of fatigue, carryover, and daily variation. Before data collection, participants completed a familiarization session.
Each experimental session lasted five minutes and included one of the following work-to-rest configurations:
30 seconds of calf raises followed by 30 seconds of rest; 15 seconds of calf raises followed by 45 seconds of rest; or 45 seconds of calf raises followed by 15 seconds of rest.
The exercise cadence was standardized at one repetition per second using a metronome. Participants performed the calf raises barefoot, with their feet approximately shoulder-width apart and their hands placed on their hips. The total session duration was the same for all conditions, while the amount and distribution of exercise and rest differed between protocols.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Single (Investigator)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 30 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Male or female volleyball athlete aged 18 to 30 years.
- •Competing at university or club level.
- •At least 3 years of structured volleyball training experience.
- •Participating in volleyball training at least 3 times per week.
- •Body mass index between 18.5 and 27.0 kg/m².
- •No lower-limb musculoskeletal injury during the previous 6 months.
- •No known neuromuscular or systemic disorder.
- •No use of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or muscle-relaxant medication during the week before testing.
排除标准
- •Failure to attend or complete any of the three experimental sessions.
- •Performance of vigorous exercise within 24 hours before a testing session.
- •Occurrence of an adverse event that prevented adherence to or completion of the study protocol.
结局指标
主要结局
Mean Change in Medial Gastrocnemius Shear-Wave Velocity
时间窗: Baseline, immediately after each 5-minute calf-raise protocol, and after the subsequent 5-minute percussive therapy recovery period, during each of 3 sessions separated by at least 48 hours.
Medial gastrocnemius stiffness was assessed bilaterally using shear-wave elastography and reported as shear-wave velocity in meters per second (m/s), with higher values indicating greater stiffness. Three acquisitions were obtained for each leg at each time point and averaged. Mean changes were evaluated within each work-to-rest protocol from baseline to immediately after exercise, from immediately after exercise to after the percussive therapy recovery period, and from baseline to after recovery.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Monira Aldhahi
Associate Prof
Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University