Effect of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy on Risk of Metabolic Syndrome

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is well known as a gold standard of treatment for gallstone disease. Gallbladder removal is one of the most common procedures in the United States, with more than 1.2 million cholecystectomies per year, and 92% of the procedures are performed laparoscopically. In 2011 Amigo et al. reported increased triglyceride levels in mice after cholecystectomy. According to Ruhl et al. (2013), cholecystectomy is associated with an increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease that is considered a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome. In 2014, Shen et al. published a retrospective study enrolling 5672 participants that demonstrated an increased risk of metabolic syndrome after cholecystectomy compared with gallstone disease alone. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a disease of civilization. It is a group of disorders containing impaired glucose intolerance, hypertension, abdominal obesity, and dyslipidemia. According to meta-analysis, individuals reaching the criteria of metabolic syndrome have a twice higher risk of myocardial infarction or stroke and a 1,5-times higher risk of death for any reason. The study aims to assess the risk of metabolic syndrome after laparoscopic cholecystectomy prospectively.