Strategic Daytime Napping Enhances Agility and Lowers Perceived Exertion But Does Not Improve Fatigue Resistance in Adolescent Soccer Players
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 16
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Pro Agility Test
研究概览
简要总结
Background
Daytime napping is increasingly incorporated into athletic recovery routines to manage sleepiness and support alertness. However, the effects of different nap durations on high-intensity anaerobic performance tasks remain insufficiently characterized, particularly in team-sport settings. Nap duration and circadian timing may influence psychomotor readiness, perceived exertion, and fatigue-related responses, yet existing evidence is limited and inconsistent in adolescent athlete populations. This study is designed to examine the acute effects of two daytime nap durations within a controlled experimental framework.
Methods
This study will employ a randomized, crossover design involving sixteen competitive male adolescent soccer players classified as intermediate chronotypes. Each participant will complete three experimental conditions in a randomized order: no nap (N0), a 25-minute nap (N25), and a 45-minute nap (N45), with standardized washout periods between sessions. Nap compliance will be objectively monitored using wrist-worn actigraphy.
Following each condition, participants will observe a standardized 60-minute post-nap wakefulness period prior to performance testing. Agility performance will be assessed using the Pro Agility Test, and anaerobic endurance will be evaluated using a repeated-sprint ability (RSA) protocol. Psychophysiological measures will include ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), the Hooper Index, visual analogue scales (VAS) for subjective alertness, and mood states assessed via the Profile of Mood States (POMS). These outcomes will be collected to compare responses across nap conditions.
Objectives
The primary objective of this study is to compare the acute effects of two daytime nap durations (25 minutes vs 45 minutes) on agility performance in adolescent soccer players without a habitual napping routine. Secondary objectives include examining nap-related differences in repeated-sprint performance indices, perceived exertion, subjective alertness, and mood states.
Keywords
daytime nap; athletic recovery; agility; repeated-sprint ability; perceived exertion; mood; chronotype
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 16 Years 至 19 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •being a member of the Yeni Malatyaspor U19 or U17 team
- •having no history of illness or injury
- •no regular napping habit
排除标准
- •active infections
- •hyperactivity
- •sleep disorders
- •sleep problems on protocol days
结局指标
主要结局
Pro Agility Test
时间窗: Immediately after completion of each experimental condition, within a single testing session.
Change-of-direction performance assessed using the Pro Agility Test (20-yard shuttle run). Participants will complete the test following each experimental condition (no nap, 25-minute nap, and 45-minute nap). The total time to complete the test will be recorded in seconds using an electronic timing system.
Best sprint (s)
时间窗: During each experimental testing session, immediately following the nap or no-nap condition.
Best sprint time measured during a repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test. Participants will perform a standardized RSA protocol consisting of repeated maximal sprints with fixed recovery intervals. The fastest single sprint time achieved during each RSA test will be recorded in seconds for each experimental condition (no nap, 25-minute nap, and 45-minute nap) using an electronic timing system.
Total sprint (s)
时间窗: During each experimental testing session, immediately following the nap or no-nap condition.
Total sprint time measured during a repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test. Participants will perform a standardized RSA protocol consisting of repeated maximal sprints separated by fixed recovery intervals. Total sprint time will be calculated as the sum of all sprint times completed during the RSA test for each experimental condition (no nap, 25-minute nap, and 45-minute nap) and recorded in seconds using an electronic timing system.
4. Rate of Perceived Exertipon (RPE)
时间窗: Immediately after completion of the repeated-sprint ability test in each experimental session.
Perceived exertion assessed using the Borg 6-20 Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale. Participants will report their perceived exertion immediately after each sprint during the repeated-sprint ability test. The mean RPE score for each testing session will be calculated for each experimental condition.
Hooper Index
时间窗: After completion of each experimental session, following the nap or no-nap condition.
Subjective recovery status assessed using the Hooper Questionnaire. The questionnaire evaluates perceived fatigue, stress, muscle soreness, and sleep quality using standardized Likert-scale ratings. Participants will complete the Hooper Questionnaire following each experimental condition (no nap, 25-minute nap, and 45-minute nap), and a total Hooper Index score will be calculated for each session.
Subjective Alertness (VAS)
时间窗: After completion of each experimental session, following the nap or no-nap condition.
Subjective alertness will be assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Participants will rate their perceived level of alertness on a 100-mm horizontal line anchored by "extremely sleepy" at one end and "fully alert" at the other. VAS assessments will be completed following each experimental condition (no nap, 25-minute nap, and 45-minute nap), and the distance from the left anchor will be recorded in millimeters as the alertness score.
次要结局
- Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)(At baseline, prior to the first experimental session.)
- Resting Heart Rate (HR)(At baseline, prior to the first experimental session.)
- Profile of Mood States (POMS)(At baseline, prior to the first experimental session.)
研究者
Mertkan Öncü
Research Assistant
Uludag University