Analysis of Hormonal Biomarkers in Menstrual Blood of Adult Female with Polycystic Ovarian Diseases

Infertility/Subfertility is a complex disorder associated with significant medical, psychosocial, and economic aspects. Hormonal imbalance is a serious medical health issue with the potential to lead to various other diseases such as infertility, PCOS, ovarian irregularity, hyperandrogenism, cystic ovaries, higher insulin levels, and type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of PCOS in Indian adolescents is around 12.2% according to the Indian Council of Medical Research. An underdiagnosed or over-diagnosed PCOS condition will put the woman at a high risk of serious complications, cause an intake of unnecessary medications, and huge psychological impact. People with regular menstrual cycles and healthy or lower BMI can also develop PCOS. If these conditions are untreated at the right time, it may lead to several comorbidities like diabetes, heart disease, etc. Hormonal such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), insulin, the luteinizing/ follicle-stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio, androgens, estrogens, growth hormones (GH), cortisol, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcitonin are disturbed and are used as biomarkers to identify issues related to PCOS. The presence of these biomarkers apart from venous blood is less explored. The present study is designed to explore the presence of hormone biomarkers in menstrual blood correlating to the venous blood in PCOD/PCOS conditions. The aim of the study is to find the presence and quantify the hormonal biomarkers in menstrual blood (non-invasive samples) in PCOD patients. An observational study design is developed with two groups PCOD/PCOS positive group and control group. Venous blood and menstrual blood will be collected and analyzed for the hormone biomarkers using the CLIA method. Statistical analysis involving the relationship and correlation of the hormone biomarkers in the participants will be evaluated and interpreted. Thus analysing these hormone biomarkers will help predict the menstrual health that would allow PCOD/PCOS women and the clinicians to make more precise predictions about the nature and timing of their abnormality and proceed with the early treatment.