Effects of Motor Imagery and Action Observation on Electromyographic Activity and Intramuscular Oxygenation in the Hand Gripping Gesture
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 60
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- The hand grip strength
研究概览
简要总结
Motor imagery is defined as a dynamic mental process of an action, without its real motor execution. Action observation training consists of watching an action performed by someone else. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of motor imagery and action observation combined with a hand grip strength program on strength gains in asymptomatic participants. The secondary objective was to assess the influence of motor imagery and action observation training combined with a hand grip strength program on electromyographic activity and intramuscular oxygenation of the forearm muscles.
详细描述
Motor imagery is defined as a dynamic mental process of an action, without its real motor execution. Action observation training consists of watching an action performed by someone else. Both motor imagery and action observation have been shown to produce a neurophysiological activation of the brain areas related to the planning and execution of voluntary movement in a manner that resembles how the action is performed in reality.
Several studies have shown that patients can report a significant improvement in strength with motor imagery training. There is also evidence regarding the improvements in motor skills in participants who perform motor imagery training combined with mirror therapy. Motor imagery is recognized as one of the most popular and effective forms of training to improve learning strategies and to increase the capacity to perfect sports movements, as has been observed in rhythmic gymnastics athletes.
In addition to the previously mentioned adaptations, a recent research proved that motor imagery and action observation provoke an activation of the sympathetic-excitatory nervous system. Changes in respiration, heart rate and skin temperature are produced, as well as an increase in electrodermal activity.
Both motor imagery and action observation are interventions that can generate adaptive neuroplastic changes on a cortical level, leading to a decrease in chronic pain. These rehabilitation techniques are used in pain treatment and impaired movement injuries that could be due to a nervous system alteration.
Action observation effectively facilitates motor learning, and is a tool for rehabilitation in neurological and musculoskeletal diseases. Action observation training leads to significant improvements in static balance and helps improve gait in patients with hemiparesis after an ictus.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Single (Investigator)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 65 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •asymptomatic participants;
- •men and women aged 18 to 65 years.
排除标准
- •participants who had any knowledge of physical therapy;
- •underage participants;
- •participants with pain at the time of the study;
- •participants with any type of neurological disease.
研究组 & 干预措施
Motor Imagery Group
The participants in the motor imagery group were given instructions to perform a daily training composed of two sets of activities. The main set consisted of 10 isometric hand grip contractions for 3 seconds each with a tennis ball, leaving a 20-second break between contractions. In the first set, the participant only had to imagine that he was performing that task, placed in the standard position with the tennis ball in the hand. Once the first set was completed, the participant had to take a 2-minute break before starting the second set, in which they had to complete the set both imagining and actively performing the isometric contractions with the tennis ball.
干预措施: Mental Practise (Other)
Action Observation Group
The participants in the action observation group were given instructions to perform a daily training comprised of two sets of activities. The main set consisted of 10 isometric hand grip contractions for 3 seconds each with a tennis ball, leaving a 20-second break between contractions. In the first set, the participant simply watched a video that showed a forearm performing the task, placed in the standard position and with the tennis ball in the hand. Once that first set was completed, the participant took a 2-minute break before starting the second set, in which they performed the 10 isometric contractions with the tennis ball while they watched the video.
干预措施: Mental Practise (Other)
Control Group
The participants in the control group were given instructions to perform a daily training of a single set. The set consisted of 10 isometric hand grip contractions for 3 seconds each with a tennis ball, leaving a 20-second break between contractions.
干预措施: Mental Practise (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
The hand grip strength
时间窗: Change in hand grip strength after 72 hours post-intervention
The hand grip strength in kilograms was assessed using a Jamar dynamometer with the standard protocols for hand grip training. The measurements with the Jamar dynamometer present excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient \[ICC\] = 0.81-0.99) for preferred and nonpreferred hands in men and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.83-1.0) for preferred and nonpreferred hands in women. The Jamar Dynamometer presents excellent intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.94 and 0.98) and excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.98 for right and left handgrip strength).
次要结局
- Intramuscular oxygenation(Change in Intramuscular oxygenation after 72 hours post-intervention)
- Electromyographic activity(Change in Electromyographic activity after 72 hours post-intervention)
研究者
Roy La Touche Arbizu
Principal Investigator
Universidad Autonoma de Madrid