Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound and Tumors Markers in Diagnosis of Complex Ovarian Cysts in Adolescent, Histopathological Correlation

Cystic ovarian lesions are more common in adolescences due to onset of hormonal activity in prepubertal age. Most cysts are functional but a malignant etiology must nevertheless always be eliminated.

Complex benign cysts are about 16% of all ovarian cysts, :(mature cystic teratoma 55-70%, endometrioma, gonadoblastoma, serous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenoma, cystadenofibroma).

About 1% of ovarian tumors can be malignant and differential diagnosis with benign ones is sometimes difficult. Concerning the management of such tumors in adolescents for which future fertility is a concern.

Malignant ovarian tumors types are :( Sex cord-stromal tumors:( juvenile granulosa cell tumor is most common about 50% and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor), Germ cell tumors: (dysgerminoma30%, immature teratoma30%, yolk sac tumor, embryonal carcinoma and polyembryoma) and Epithelial tumors:(serous adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma).

Ultrasonography is a gold standard modality in the evaluation of the female pelvis in adolescence today the method of choice for distinguishing between benign and malignant adnexal pathologies. Using pattern of recognition several types of cysts and tumors can be recognized according to their characteristic appearance.