Observation Between Intraoperative Ventilatory Strategies and Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Using Lung Ultrasonographic Score and Diaphragmatic Excursion: A Prospective Observational Study

This prospective observational study evaluates how different intraoperative ventilation modes affect lung aeration diaphragmatic movement and postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing open or laparoscopic abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. Seventy six patients will be randomized into volume controlled pressure controlled and pressure controlled volume guaranteed ventilation groups. Lung ultrasound score and diaphragmatic excursion will be measured before surgery and one hour after extubation. Patients will be followed for seven days for pulmonary complications. The study aims to identify the most lung protective ventilation strategy and establish lung ultrasound as a bedside tool for early detection of postoperative pulmonary complications.