Challenge Infection of Healthy Adult Volunteers With RSV A2
- Conditions
- Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
- Interventions
- Biological: 10^7 PFU of RSV A2Biological: 10^6.3 PFU of RSV A2
- Registration Number
- NCT03388645
- Brief Summary
Background:
One of the main causes of respiratory infections in children and adults is RSV. This stands for respiratory syncytial virus. Healthy adults usually get a cold when they get an infection with RSV. They generally recover without any problems. But some infections can be life-threatening. Researchers want to study RSV infection in a safe, controlled setting in healthy adults to help develop new treatments.
Objective:
To test the safety of a high dose of RSV A2 by spraying the virus into the nose, and studying how the body responds.
Eligibility:
Healthy adults ages 18-50
Design:
Participants will be screened during 2 screening visits with:
* Medical interview
* Physical exam
* Blood and nasal samples
* Chest X-ray (chest radiograph)
* Participants will have a heart test. Sticky patches on the body will detect heart electrical activity.
* Pulmonary function test (PFT). They will blow into a machine to measure airflow.
* Urine tests for pregnancy or drug use.
Participants will be admitted to the hospital before they get RSV A2.
Participants will get a single dose of RSV A2 as two sprays, one into each nostril.
Participants will stay in the hospital under isolation for as long as it takes the body to clear RSV A2 from nasal fluids. This can take as long as 14 days or more.
Participants cannot take any cold medicine to try to feel better.
Every day, participants will:
* Answer questions about their symptoms
* Have nasal washes and/or nasal swabs collected
* Have a physical exam
Participants will have blood drawn most days.
After discharge, participants will keep a health diary.
Participants will have 2 follow-up visits at 1 month and 2 months after receiving the RSV A2 dose. A history and physical examination, a blood draw, and nasal wash and swab will be performed.
- Detailed Description
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of pediatric lower respiratory tract infection. RSV also causes lower respiratory tract disease in the elderly and life-threatening disease in immunocompromised hosts. An RSV monoclonal antibody (palivizumab) is currently available for passive immunoprophylaxis in high-risk infants. Vaccines and antiviral agents are under development for the treatment and prevention of RSV, but none are licensed. The ability to challenge healthy volunteers with RSV could rapidly facilitate efficacy studies of future antivirals and vaccines. In addition, challenge studies would provide critical information on viral pathogenesis, including types of cells infected, mucosal and systemic immune response, and alterations in respiratory microbiota. Clinical trial material for human challenge studies has been prepared from live recombinant (complementary DNA-derived) RSV of subgroup A (RSV A2).
This study will be a phase 1 study in healthy adult male and non-pregnant female subjects 18 years to 50 years of age. The main purpose of the trial is to define the safety profile, determine the frequency of RSV shedding in nasal wash, estimate RSV illness rates, and study immune responses in subjects given 1 dose of 10\^7 PFU of RSV A2 challenge virus using a nasal atomizer. If RSV A2 is found to be sufficiently infectious in adults, then it may be used as a challenge virus in future studies evaluating antivirals or the protective efficacy of RSV vaccines, or in studies of the immunopathogenesis of RSV infection.
Subjects will be admitted to the NIH Clinical Center and receive a single intranasal dose of 10\^6.3 PFU or 107 PFU of RSV A2. Subjects will remain at the Clinical Center for approximately 9-14 days after challenge infection undergoing sequential clinical evaluations. Research specimens, nasal washes and blood, will be collected for various research assays. Subjects will be discharged when their daily nasal wash RSV result is negative for two days in a row, and they do not have any signs or symptoms suggestive of possible RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease. Subjects will return for follow-up evaluation 28 and 56 days after viral challenge.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 19
Not provided
Not provided
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- SEQUENTIAL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description High Dose 10^7 PFU of RSV A2 10^7 PFU of RSV A2 Single intranasal dose of 10\^7 plaque forming units (PFU) of respiratory syncytial virus A2 (RSV A2) using a nasal atomizer on Day 0 Low Dose 10^6.3 PFU of RSV A2 10^6.3 PFU of RSV A2 Single intranasal dose of 10\^6.3 plaque forming units (PFU) of respiratory syncytial virus A2 (RSV A2) using a nasal atomizer on Day 0
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Participants With Detectable RSV Shedding in Nasopharyngeal Wash Daily from study Day 2 through day 10 after challenge with RSV A2 Participants who had shedding of RSV as assessed by detection of RSV A2 in nasal wash by FilmArray multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), by reverse transcriptase (RT)-quantitative PCR, or by quantitative viral culture.
Participants With Unrelated, Unexpected Adverse Events After Challenge Safety assessed continuously during the inpatient phase and at Day 28 and 56 during the outpatient phase of the study Participants who had one or more episodes of unrelated, unexpected adverse events. Unrelated, unexpected adverse events are those that are not expected and are not related to RSV A2.
Participants With Related, Expected Adverse Events After Challenge Safety assessed continuously during the inpatient phase and at Day 28 and 56 during the outpatient phase of the study Participants who had one or more episodes of related, expected adverse events. Participants were evaluated for grades 1 to 3 adverse events. Only grade 1 adverse events were experienced.
Participants With Unrelated Expected Adverse Events After Challenge Safety assessed continuously during the inpatient phase and at Day 28 and 56 during the outpatient phase of the study Participants who had one or more episodes of unrelated, expected adverse events. Participants were evaluated for grades 1 to 3 adverse events. Only grade 1 adverse events were experienced.
Participants With Related, Unexpected Adverse Events After Challenge Safety assessed continuously during the inpatient phase and at Day 28 and 56 during the outpatient phase of the study Participants who had one or more episodes of related, unexpected adverse events. Related, unexpected adverse events are those that are not expected but are related to RSV A2 or of grade 4 severity and related to RSV A2. Only grade 1 adverse events were experienced.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Participants With Mild to Moderate Upper Respiratory Illness Daily from study Day 2 through day 10 after RSV challenge Participants who experienced mild to moderate upper respiratory illness in healthy volunteers challenged with RSV A2. All RSV illness qualified as mild illness.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
🇺🇸Bethesda, Maryland, United States