Differences in Physiological Responses of Satiety and Reward After (in)Consistent Calorie Cues.
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Eating Behaviour
- Sponsor
- Uppsala University
- Enrollment
- 12
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Food intake
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 13 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
The regulation of our food intake is on the short-term guided by appetite and satiety signals generated by the sight and consumption of food. Food intake is not only regulated by appetite and satiety signals - external cues also play an important role.
It has been observed that food intake and the pleasure derived from consumption is affected by manipulation of the external cues.
The investigators will assess the contribution of food anticipation (calorie information) and actual consumption of a test food (calorie intake) on in satiety responses (such as ghrelin responses, appetite and subsequent food intake). The investigators expect the information on the amount of calories, rather than the actual amount of calories in the food, to predict the ghrelin responses and the subsequent intake of a second meal.
Detailed Description
In a randomized cross-over design with 4 conditions, all participants will consume twice the low-caloric food (once with the low-calorie information and once with the high-calorie information) and twice the high-caloric food (again, once with the low-calorie information and once with the high-calorie information) in a randomized order.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •being used to eat breakfast regularly (≥ 5 times a week).
Exclusion Criteria
- •hypersensitivity for the ingredients of the foods under study;
- •lack of appetite; following an energy-restricted diet or change in body weight \> 5 kg; or
- •being a vegan or vegetarian. Participants reported not using products that are artificially sweetened, nor sugar in coffee and/or tea.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Food intake
Time Frame: 60 min (Ad libitum test meal after 1 hr)
Secondary Outcomes
- Serum concentrations total ghrelin(60 min (4 samples - every 20 min))