Forensic Assertive Community Treatment: An Emerging Model of Service Delivery

Phase 3

Completed

• Conditions: Psychotic Disorders
• Interventions: Behavioral: Enhanced Treatment as Usual; Behavioral: Forensic Assertive Community Treatment (FACT)

• Registration Number: NCT01313052
• Lead Sponsor: University of Rochester

Brief Summary

The FACT model (ACT + legal leverage in the form of judicial monitoring) will be compared to enhanced outpatient treatment (close outpatient follow-up without judicial monitoring). Seventy adults with psychotic disorders in Monroe County who are convicted of a misdemeanor will be randomly assigned to each treatment group and followed for 12 months. Primary outcomes will include criminal justice and mental health service utilization rates, treatment adherence, psychiatric symptoms, substance abuse, homelessness, perceived coercion, and consumer satisfaction. Service utilization outcomes will be tracked using established mental health and criminal justice databases.

Hypotheses are:

1. FACT (ACT plus judicial monitoring) will have a greater effect than enhanced TAU in promoting treatment adherence among high-risk adults with psychotic disorders.

2. FACT (ACT plus judicial monitoring) will have a greater effect than enhanced TAU in preventing arrest, incarceration, emergency department and inpatient hospital use among high-risk adults with psychotic disorders.

Detailed Description

FACT (Forensic Assertive Community Treatment) is an adaptation of the Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) model that addresses a significant gap in our service delivery systems by targeting the interface between mental health and criminal justice services. ACT was originally developed to engage severely mentally ill adults in outpatient psychiatric treatment through the use of assertive outreach and comprehensive services. FACT adds legal leverage in the form of judicial monitoring to ACT, which is comprehensive, high intensity, mobile, psychiatric treatment.

The FACT model (ACT + legal leverage in the form of judicial monitoring) will be compared to enhanced outpatient treatment (close outpatient follow-up without judicial monitoring). Seventy adults with psychotic disorders in Monroe County who are convicted of a misdemeanor will be randomly assigned to each treatment group and followed for 12 months. Primary outcomes will include criminal justice and mental health service utilization rates, treatment adherence, psychiatric symptoms, substance abuse, and homelessness. Service utilization outcomes will be tracked using established mental health and criminal justice databases.

Hypotheses are:

1. FACT (ACT plus judicial monitoring) will have a greater effect than enhanced TAU in promoting treatment adherence among high-risk adults with psychotic disorders.

2. FACT (ACT plus judicial monitoring) will have a greater effect than enhanced TAU in preventing arrest, incarceration, emergency department and inpatient hospital use among high-risk adults with psychotic disorders.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2008-05
• Study First Submitted: 2011-03-08
• Study First Submitted QC: 2011-03-09
• Study First Posted: 2011-03-11
• Primary Completion: 2014-05
• Study Completion: 2014-05
• Status Verified: 2017-02
• Last Update Submitted: 2017-02-24
• Last Update Posted: 2017-02-28

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 53

Inclusion Criteria

• Individuals diagnosed with any psychotic disorder such as Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Bipolar Disorder with Psychotic Features, Depressive Disorder with Psychotic Features, and Psychotic Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified.
• Individuals currently facing misdemeanor or violation charges who have not yet been sentenced.

Exclusion Criteria

• Individuals do not have or cannot be diagnosed with a psychotic disorder.
• Individuals currently facing felony charges
• Individuals currently involved in any type of legal leverage including probation, parole, drug or mental health court supervision, Assisted Outpatient Treatment, or Criminal Procedure Law status.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Enhanced Treatment as Usual	Enhanced Treatment as Usual	Individuals in this arm of the study will receive an expedited appointment at a clinic specializing in the treatment of psychotic disorders. These individuals will receive the services of a therapist, psychiatrist, and case manager.
Forensic Assertive Community Treatment (FACT)	Forensic Assertive Community Treatment (FACT)	Individuals in this arm will receive the services of an Assertive Community Treatment team and close supervision of a judge trained in the FACT model.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Jail Recidivism	For the one year subjects are in the study.	The study will measure number of arrests, number of incarcerations, and total number of jail and/or prison days in the time frame described above.
Mental Health Service Utilization	For the one year subjects are in the study.	The study will measure number of hospitalizations, number of hospital days, number of emergency room visits, number of outpatient mental health visits as primary outcome measures, and treatment appointment adherence.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Monroe County Jail; 🇺🇸 Rochester, New York, United States