Risk Factors for Long-term Opioid Use

Completed

• Conditions: Pain Syndrome
• Interventions: Other: No intervention - retrospective observational cohort study

• Registration Number: NCT04928131
• Lead Sponsor: Stanford University

Brief Summary

Surgeons often see patients with pain to exclude organic pathology and consider surgical treatment. We examined factors associated with long-term opioid therapy among patients with foot/ankle, anorectal, and temporomandibular joint pain to aid clinical decision making.

Using the IBM MarketScan® Research Database, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of patients aged 18-64 with a clinical encounter for foot/ankle, anorectal, or temporomandibular joint pain (January 2007-September 2015). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios for factors associated with long-term opioid therapy, including age, sex, geographic region, pain condition, psychiatric diagnoses, and surgical procedures in the previous year.

Detailed Description

Not available

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2007-01
• Primary Completion: 2015-09
• Study Completion: 2021-02
• Study First Submitted: 2021-06-09
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-06-09
• Study First Posted: 2021-06-16
• Status Verified: 2022-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-04-07
• Last Update Posted: 2022-04-14

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 1500392

Inclusion Criteria

• 18-64 years old
• at least one encounter for anorectal, foot/ankle, or TMJ pain
• Marketscan continuous enrollment for 1 year prior and 1 year after the index pain encounter

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Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

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Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Anorectal	No intervention - retrospective observational cohort study	Patients presenting with anorectal pain.
TMJ	No intervention - retrospective observational cohort study	Patients presenting with temporomandibular joint pain.
Foot/Ankle	No intervention - retrospective observational cohort study	Patients presenting with foot and ankle pain.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Long-term opioid use	>90 days of opioid supply	opioid prescriptions for 3 months.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
new long-term opioid use	>90 days of opioid supply	Opioid prescriptions for over 3 months in patients who have not had prior opioid prescriptions.