Time Restricted Eating Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis; Diet, Healthy
• Interventions: Behavioral: Time Restricted Feeding

• Registration Number: NCT04389970
• Lead Sponsor: University of Alabama at Birmingham

Brief Summary

The purpose of this pilot study is to determine the preliminary efficacy, safety, and acceptability of time restricted feeding (TRF) among a sample of 12 adults with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS). The specific aims of this study are: 1: To determine preliminary efficacy of TRF for reducing symptom burden, improving inflammatory markers, and reducing cardiometabolic risk among adults with RRMS. 2: To determine the safety and participant acceptability of TRF. Participants will be asked to consume all food during an 8-hour window each day and not eat for the remaining 16 hours. All participants will follow this eating pattern for 8 weeks.

Detailed Description

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by demyelination and loss of axons in the central nervous system. Over the last decade there has been an influx of evidence demonstrating the impact of lifestyle risk factors on the progression of MS symptoms. Specifically, epidemiological studies report that poor diet is associated with increased risk of disability in adults with MS. Despite this evidence, little research has explored dietary interventions that may reduce symptom burden of MS. One dietary intervention that has shown particular promise in animal models of MS is intermittent fasting (IF), which is a dietary pattern characterized by cycles of eating and extended fasting. There are a number of protocols for IF, including time restricted feeding (TRF), in which all food is consumed during a limited window of time each day. Growing evidence demonstrates that IF reduces inflammation, improves immune function, and improves cardiometabolic risk in animal models of MS, however, little of this research has been translated into human trials. In addition to these physiological benefits, the investigators believe that TRF will provide a behavioral benefit, as it addresses barriers traditionally seen in dietary interventions by shifting the focus from restricting what participants eat, to focusing on meal timing.

The purpose of this pilot study is to determine the preliminary efficacy, safety, and acceptability of TRF in adults with MS. The specific aims of this study are: 1: To determine preliminary efficacy of TRF for reducing symptom burden, improving inflammatory markers, and reducing cardiometabolic risk among adults with RRMS. 2: To determine the safety and participant acceptability of TRF.

Twelve adults with relapsing-remitting MS will eat all meals within an 8 hour period each day. All participants will follow the assigned meal plan for 8 weeks.

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2020-05-07
• Study First Submitted QC: 2020-05-11
• Study First Posted: 2020-05-15
• Study Start: 2020-10-01
• Primary Completion: 2021-07-30
• Study Completion: 2021-07-30
• Results First Submitted: 2022-11-23
• Status Verified: 2024-03
• Results First Submitted QC: 2024-03-25
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-03-25
• Results First Posted: 2024-03-27
• Last Update Posted: 2024-03-27

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 12

Inclusion Criteria

• Diagnosed with Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS)
• BMI between 18-50 kg.m2
• If on disease-modifying medications, stable for 6 months
• If not on disease-modifying medication, no medication usage within previous 6 months
• Able to walk 25 ft. with or without assistance

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Exclusion Criteria

• Relapse within previous 30 days
• Actively engaged in a weight loss program or unwilling to follow assigned dietary timing pattern
• Regularly fasts >15 hours/day
• Pregnant or breastfeeding
• Current use of insulin or sulfonylurea agents

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Time Restricted Feeding	Time Restricted Feeding	Participants will be asked to follow a time-restricted meal pattern (8:16 protocol)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Timed 25-foot Walk Speed	Change from baseline to 8 weeks	Change in timed 25-foot walk test speed between baseline and 8 weeks. Speed calculated as ft per second, and change calculated as speed at baseline - speed at 8 weeks. Higher score indicates better outcome. There are no minimum or maximum values, as this is the measure of the time it takes a participant to walk 25 feet. Higher score indicates higher speed, which is preferable.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Modified Fatigue Impact Scale	Change from baseline to 8 weeks	21-item questionnaire with possible score ranging from 0-84. Higher scores indicate higher impact of fatigue on a person's life. Change in MFIS was calculated as MFIS score at baseline - MFIS score at 8 weeks.
Fatigue Severity Scale	Change from baseline to 8 weeks	9-item questionnaire in respondents rate each statement from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Total scores range from 9- 63, with higher score indicating higher fatigue severity. Change in FSS calculated as FSS at baseline - FSS at 8 weeks.
Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire	Change from baseline to 8 weeks	15-item questionnaire requiring respondent to rate types of pain as mild, moderate or severe. Scores range from 0-45, with higher pain intensity indicated by higher score. Change calculated as SFMPQ score at basline - SFMPQ score at 8 weeks.
Percent Lean Mass	Change from baseline to 8 weeks	Lean mass as a percent of total body mass, measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
9 Hole Peg Test Speed	Change from baseline to 8 weeks	Higher score indicates better outcome. Speed on 9 hole peg test was measured as pegs per second, and change in speed was calculated as speed at baseline - speed at 8 weeks. There are no minimum or maximum values, as the measure is time that it takes a person to complete the test. Higher score indicates faster speed, which is preferable.
Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT)	Change from baseline to 8 weeks	The score is the number of symbols identified correctly in 90 seconds. Potential scores range from 0-110. Higher score indicate improved outcome. Change in score on the SDMT calculated as SDMT score at baseline- SDMT score at 8 weeks.
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index	Change from baseline to 8 weeks	19 self-rated items that produce 7 component scores and 1 global score. Only global scores were calculated for this study. Global scores can range from 0-21, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality. Change in PSQI calculated as PSQI at baseline - PSQI at 8 weeks.
Percent Fat Mass	Change from baseline to 8 weeks	Change in fat mass as percentage of total body mass, measured by DXA. Calculated as percent fat mass at baseline- percent fat mass at 8 weeks.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Alabama at Birmingham; 🇺🇸 Birmingham, Alabama, United States