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Protective Ventilation With Higher Versus Lower PEEP During General Anesthesia for Surgery in Obese Patients

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Morbid Obesity
Surgery
General Anesthesia
Interventions
Procedure: Higher PEEP
Procedure: Lower PEEP
Registration Number
NCT02148692
Lead Sponsor
Technische Universität Dresden
Brief Summary

Postoperative respiratory failure, particularly after surgery under general anesthesia, adds to the morbidity and mortality of surgical patients. Anesthesiologists inconsistently use positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers in the hope that this may improve oxygenation and protect against postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), especially in obese patients. While anesthesiologists tend to use PEEP higher than in non-obese patients. While it is uncertain whether a strategy that uses higher levels of PEEP with recruitment maneuvers truly prevents PPCs in these patients, use of higher levels of PEEP with recruitment maneuvers could compromise intra-operative hemodynamics.

The investigators aim to compare a ventilation strategy using higher levels of PEEP with recruitment maneuvers with one using lower levels of PEEP without recruitment maneuvers in obese patients at an intermediate-to-high risk for PPCs.

We hypothesize that an intra-operative ventilation strategy using higher levels of PEEP and recruitment maneuvers, as compared to ventilation with lower levels of PEEP without recruitment maneuvers, prevents PPCs in obese patients at an intermediate-to-high risk for PPC.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
2013
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patient scheduled for open or laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia
  • Intermediate-to-high risk for PPCs following surgery, according to the ARISCAT risk score (≥ 26)
  • BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2
  • Expected duration of surgery ≥ 2 h
Exclusion Criteria
  • Age < 18 years
  • Previous lung surgery (any)
  • Persistent hemodynamic instability, intractable shock (considered hemodynamically unsuitable for the study by the patient's managing physician)
  • History of previous severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (non-invasive ventilation and/or oxygen therapy at home, repeated systemic corticosteroid therapy for acute exacerbations of COPD)
  • Recent immunosuppressive medication (patients receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy up to two months prior to surgery)
  • Severe cardiac disease (New York Heart Association class III or IV, acute coronary syndrome or persistent ventricular tachyarrhythmias)
  • Invasive mechanical ventilation longer than 30 minutes (e.g., general anesthesia for surgery) within last 30 days
  • Pregnancy (excluded by anamneses and/or laboratory analysis)
  • Prevalent acute respiratory distress syndrome expected to require prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation
  • Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, defined as systolic pulmonary artery pressure > 40 mmHg
  • Intracranial injury or tumor
  • Neuromuscular disease (any)
  • Need for intraoperative prone or lateral decubitus position
  • Need for one-lung ventilation
  • Cardiac surgery
  • Neurosurgery
  • Planned reintubation following surgery
  • Enrolled in other interventional study or refusal of informed consent

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Higher PEEPHigher PEEPPEEP of 12 cmH2O or higher and lung recruitment maneuvers
Lower PEEPLower PEEPPEEP of 4 cmH2O without lung recruitment maneuvers
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Postoperative pulmonary complicationsFive postoperative days
Hospital-free days at day 9090 postoperative days
Mortality at day 9090 postoperative days
Postoperative extra-pulmonary complicationsFive postoperative days
Postoperative wound healingFive postoperative days
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Intra-operative complicationsSurgery period

complications related to the ventilation strategy (for example: de-saturation, defined as SpO2 ≤ 92%, for \> 1 min; hypotension during recruitment maneuvers, as defined by systolic arterial pressure \< 90 mmHg for \> 2 min)

Need for postoperative ventilatory supportFive postoperative days

invasive or non-invasive ventilation

Unexpected need for ICU admission or ICU readmission within 30 daysFive postoperative days
Need for hospital readmission within 30 days30 postoperative days

Trial Locations

Locations (24)

University of Genoa

🇮🇹

Genoa, Italy

Città della Salute e della Scienza

🇮🇹

Turin, Italy

Ghent University Hospital

🇧🇪

Ghent, Belgium

Saint Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto

🇨🇦

Toronto, Canada

University of Aachen

🇩🇪

Aachen, Germany

Mayo Clinic

🇺🇸

Rochester, Minnesota, United States

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus

🇩🇪

Dresden, Saxony, Germany

Medical University

🇦🇹

Vienna, Austria

ABC Medical School

🇧🇷

Sao Paulo, Brazil

University of Leipzig

🇩🇪

Leipzig, Germany

University of Istanbul

🇹🇷

Istanbul, Turkey

Saint Eloi University Hospital

🇫🇷

Montpellier, France

University of Insubria

🇮🇹

Varese, Italy

Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève

🇨🇭

Geneva, Switzerland

Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

University of Foggia

🇮🇹

Foggia, Italy

Semmelweis Egyetem

🇭🇺

Budapest, Hungary

Tel Aviv Medical Center

🇮🇱

Tel Aviv, Israel

Sheffield Teaching Hospitals

🇬🇧

Sheffield, United Kingdom

University of Bonn

🇩🇪

Bonn, Germany

Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol

🇪🇸

Barcelona, Spain

Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam

🇳🇱

Amsterdam, Netherlands

University Hospital Uppsala

🇸🇪

Uppsala, Sweden

AZ Sint Jan Brugge-Oostende AV

🇧🇪

Brugge, Belgium

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