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Influence of Prenatal and Early Childhood Home-Visiting by Nurses on Development of Chronic Disease

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Chronic Disease
Interventions
Behavioral: Transportation and Developmental Screening
Behavioral: Transportation, Screening, and Nurse-Visitation during Pregnancy and Infancy
Registration Number
NCT06160037
Lead Sponsor
University of Colorado, Denver
Brief Summary

This study is a longitudinal cohort study that follows participants in a randomized clinical trial of a program of prenatal and early child home visiting on maternal and offspring risks for chronic disease.

Detailed Description

Addressing the unacceptably high rates of chronic disease and premature mortality among low-income African Americans (AA) is a public health imperative. The proposed study addresses this challenge by building upon decades of follow-up of low-income, primarily AA participants in a randomized clinical trial of the Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP), a program of prenatal and infant/toddler nurse home visiting for low-income mothers with no previous live births. It examines NFP effects on risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as premature mortality among both mothers and their first-born offspring at offspring age 30. It is the first adequately powered study of a very early intervention to examine risks for chronic disease and mortality, assessing both mothers and their first-born offspring.

Please note that for this section of the longitudinal study, just the outcome measures for 30 years after delivery are being measured. The study team also measured these outcome measures at baselines, 12 years, and 18 years after delivery in other studies, but for this specific study, the time frame for the listed outcome measures is 30 years after delivery.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
742
Inclusion Criteria
  • Mothers who participated in a randomized clinical trial of nurse home visiting and their first-born offspring.
  • Women < 29 weeks pregnant --> No previous live births
  • No specific chronic illnesses thought to contribute to fetal growth retardation or preterm delivery
  • At least two of the following sociodemographic risk conditions: unmarried, less than 12 years of education, and unemployed
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Exclusion Criteria
  • Participants who refused assessments at earlier phases of data gathering.
  • Women > 29 weeks pregnant
  • Previous live births
  • Possessing chronic illnesses like hypertensive disorders requiring medical treatment, severe cardiac disease, large uterine fibroids.
Read More

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Arm 1. Transportation and ScreeningTransportation and Developmental ScreeningFree transportation for scheduled prenatal care, developmental screening and referral services for the child at the 6th, 12th, and 24th months of the child's life.
Arm 2. Transportation, Screening, and Nurse-Visitation during Pregnancy and InfancyTransportation, Screening, and Nurse-Visitation during Pregnancy and InfancyFree transportation for scheduled prenatal care; intensive nurse home-visitation services during pregnancy and through the child's second birthday; and developmental screening and referral services for the child at the 6th, 12th, and 24th months of the child's life.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Visceral (trunk) fatonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

Measured using the Tanita-780U Multifrequency Segmental Body Composition Analyzer

Height (standing)Approximately 30 years after delivery

Description: height measured in cm while participant is standing in bare feet using a stationary stadiometer with headpiece

Waist circumferenceonce, approximately 30 years after delivery.

waist circumference measured in cm, after exhaling, just above iliac crest, using a non-stretchable cloth measuring tape.

Hip circumferenceonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

hip circumference measured in cm, at point of greatest protrusion of gluteal muscles, using a non-stretchable cloth.

Percent total body fatonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

Measured using the Tanita-780U Multifrequency Segmental Body Composition Analyzer

% body fat in arms, legsonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

Measured using the Tanita-780U Multifrequency Segmental Body Composition Analyzer

Total Cholesterol (TC), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Low density lipoprotein (LDL)once, approximately 30 years after delivery

TC, HDL, and LDL are measured by a clinical laboratory from serum samples by Medpace Laboratories.

Triglyceridesonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

Measured by a clinical laboratory from serum samples by Medpace Laboratories

Glycosylated hemoglobinonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

Measured by a clinical laboratory from whole blood samples by Medpace Laboratories

Fibrinogenonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

Fibrinogen is measured in plasma by Medpace Laboratories. This is an inflammatory marker.

Urine-Albuminonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

URINE albumin is measured by Medpace Laboratories

Urine Creatinineonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

Urine creatinine is measured in urine by Medpace Laboratories.

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)once, approximately 30 years after delivery

eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) is calculated based on serum creatinine value, age, and gender; measured by Medpace Laboratories.

High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs CRP)once, approximately 30 years after delivery

hs-CRP measured in plasma by Medpace Laboratories . This is an inflammatory marker.

Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha receptor 2once, approximately 30 years after delivery

Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha receptor 2 (TNF alpha receptor 2) is measured in serum by Medpace Laboratories. This is an inflammatory marker.

Resting blood pressure (diastolic)once, approximately 30 years after delivery

Blood pressure read measured through SphygmoCor XCEL, taken after 10 minutes of sitting quietly.

Augmentation indexonce, approximately 30 years after delivery

Augmentation Index is a measure of arterial stiffness. It is calculated as the ratio of Augmented Pressure to Pulse pressure. a predictor of cardiovascular risk. It is measured using the SphygmoCor SCEL instrument

Mortality - Causemeasured once, approximately 30 years after delivery.

In the original NHLBI proposal the investigators had not differentiated natural versus preventable/external causes of death. Given COVID-19, the investigaors have refined the hypotheses: The study team expects the intervention to reduce the rates of all-cause mortality among mothers given that death is more likely among those with COVID infections who have underlying chronic conditions. Among offspring, however, those who become infected with COVID are less likely to die given that their underlying chronic conditions are less likely to consist of serious chronic conditions. Therefore, we expect the treatment-control differences to be limited to preventable/external causes as operationalized in a recent publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34420828/

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)once, approximately 30 years after delivery

IGF-1 is a hormonal mediator and is analyzed in serum by Medpace Laboratories.

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)once, approximately 30 years after delivery

FSH is an indicator of menopausal status and is measured in serum by the Medpace Laboratories.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6)once, approximately 30 years after delivery

IL-6 measured in serum by Medpace laboratory. This is an inflammatory marker.

Carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV)once, approximately 30 years after delivery

Pulse wave velocity is a measure of arterial stiffness. It is a predictor of cardiovascular risk. It is measured using the SphygmoCor XCEL instrument.

Resting blood pressure (systolic)once, approximately 30 years after delivery

Blood pressure read measured through SphygmoCor XCEL, taken after 10 minutes of sitting quietly.

Morality - Datemeasured once, approximately 30 years after delivery.

Based on data gathered from national death index (NDI). In the original NHLBI proposal the investigators had not differentiated natural versus preventable/external causes of death. Given COVID-19, the investigators have refined the hypotheses: The study team expects the intervention to reduce the rates of all-cause mortality among mothers given that death is more likely among those with COVID infections who have underlying chronic conditions. Among offspring, however, those who become infected with COVID are less likely to die given that their underlying chronic conditions are less likely to consist of serious chronic conditions. Therefore, the investigators expect the treatment-control differences to be limited to preventable/external causes as operationalized in a recent publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34420828/

WeightApproximately 30 years after delivery

weight measured in pounds

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of live birthsinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

1) self-reports of all children's dates of births and 2) administrative data

Arrestsinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Types of arrests: misdemeanor, felony

Medical diagnoses, signs, and symptomsinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Obtained via medical history interview by trained nurses.

Number of Hospitalizations per participant (medical/surgical)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Obtained via medical history interview by trained nurses, and by matching administrative hospitalization records (in Tennessee only) to study subjects who have given consent.

Disability (injury)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

obtained from 1) administrative data on Social Security disability payment and 2) information derived from the interview regarding if and why participant is receiving Supplemental Security Income.

Disability (physical)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

1) administrative data on Social Security disability payment and 2) information derived from the interview regarding if and why participant is receiving Supplemental Security.

Number of pregnanciesinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Self-reports of all pregnancies and dates

Number of Hospitalizations per participant (mental/behavioral)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Obtained via medical history interview by trained nurses, and by matching administrative hospitalization records (in Tennessee only) to study subjects who have given consent.

Disability (mental illness)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

1) administrative data on Social Security disability payment and 2) information derived from the interview regarding if and why participant is receiving Supplemental Security Income.

Gestational ageinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

determined through a combination of interview and administrative (birth certificate) data

Current work status (job)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

List of employment, duties, dates of employment

Current work status (hours/week)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

number of hours work per week

Current medicationsinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Obtained via medical history interview by trained nurses.

Self-rated healthinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor

Physical activity - Total Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) minutes per weekinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): questionnaire to obtain internationally comparable data regarding physical activity. Questions ask about quantity and duration of physical activity.

Sleep Quality -- Global Scoreinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Derived from Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): questions on the PSQI are rated on a scale of 0-3, 0 = no difficulty to 3 = severe difficulty, and ask questions related to sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication,and daytime dysfunction.

Dietary restraint/eating patternsinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Derived from Three Factor Eating Questionnaire: Measures three aspects of eating behaviors: cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating.

Screening for Substance Use - TAPS 1 (tobacco, alcohol, prescription medication, and other substance use)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

use of substances in the past three months

Tobacco: Cigarettesinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Ever smoked cigarettes, age started and stopped smoking, number of cigarettes per day

Pregnancy lossesinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

self-reports of all pregnancies not resulting in a live birth

Pregnancy complicationsinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

derived from administrative (birth certificate) data

Percent energy from fatinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Derived from National Cancer Institute Percentage Energy from Fat Screener

Relationship Commitment: Current Relationshipinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Structural commitment (dating, cohabitating, married)

Relationship Personal Commitment: Current Relationshipinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

not at all committed to extremely committed relationship: 2 indicators of committment: structural and personal commitment. Personal commitment responses: 1-4, 1: not very committed, to 4: extremely committed.

Partner Hostility Index: Current Relationshipinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Degree to which partner displayed hostile behaviors: 5 questions asking about partner hostile behavior in past month, ranging from 1-4. 1: never, 4: always

Birthweightinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

determined through a combination of interview and administrative (birth certificate) data

Menopause (age)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Determined via interview

Average daily fruit and vegetable intakeinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

derived from Diet NIH Eating at America's Table: All-Day Fruit \& vegetable Screener

Tobacco: Pipe, Hookahinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Ever smoke tobacco in pipe or hookah, age started and stopped, number of pipe bowls per week

Tobacco: Smokeless Tobacco Snusinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Ever used Snus, age started and stopped, number of snus pouches per week

Other Smokeless Tobacco (dip, chewing tobacco)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

: Ever used dip, chewing tobacco, age started and stopped, number of times per day

Tobacco: Electronic Nicotine Productsinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Ever used, age started and stopped, number of times per day

Duration of Marriage and partnered relationshipsinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

List of current and previous married and partnered relationships, length of time together.

Relationship Satisfaction: Current Relationshipinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Overall happiness with relationship and satisfaction with partner: assessed with 2 questions regarding overall happiness and partner satisfaction.

Educational attainment (job training)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Dates and types of job training programs

Arrests and Incarcerationinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Dates and outcomes of arrests

Substance Use Risk Level TAPS 2interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Risk category: no use in past 3 months, problem use, higher risk Substance Use Dependence

Tobacco: Cigarsinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Ever smoked cigars, aged started and stopped, number of cigars per week

Anxietyinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Derived from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety 8a Adult. 7 Questions about feelings related to anxiety felt in the past seven days. Each question uses a 5-point ordinal scale of "never," "rarely," sometimes," "often," and "always." Higher scores indicate higher anxiety severity.

Depressioninterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Derived from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression 8a Adult: measures patient-reported outcomes like pain, fatigue, physical functioning, emotional distress, and social role participation.Each question uses a 5-point ordinal scale of "never," "rarely," sometimes," "often," and "always." Higher scores indicate higher depression severity.

Masteryinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Derived from Pearlin Mastery Scale. Measured on a 4 point Likert Scale, (1: Strongly Disagree, 4: Strongly agree). Scores can range from 7-28, with higher scores indicating a higher level of mastery.

Partner Warmth Index: Current Relationshipinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Degree to which partner displayed warm behaviors: 3 questions regarding how often their partner displayed warm behaviors in the past month, ranging from 1-4. 1: never to 4: always.

Educational attainment (High School)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

High school education: graduated from high school, obtained General Education Development (GED), left high school without completing.

Educational attainment (College)interview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

Highest Degree completed: Associates, Bachelors, Masters, PhD.

Arrests and incarcerationinterview conducted approximately 30 years after delivery

number of days incarcerated

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

🇺🇸

Aurora, Colorado, United States

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