Laboratory-Treated T Cells and Ipilimumab in Treating Patients With Metastatic Melanoma

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Recurrent Melanoma
Stage IV Melanoma

Interventions: Biological: ipilimumab
Drug: cyclophosphamide
Procedure: biopsy
Biological: aldesleukin
Other: immunohistochemistry staining method
Genetic: polymerase chain reaction
Other: immunoenzyme technique
Biological: therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Registration Number: NCT00871481

Lead Sponsor: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

Brief Summary: This phase I/II trial is studying the side effects of giving laboratory-treated T cells and ipilimumab together to see how well they work in treating patients with metastatic melanoma. Treating a patient's T cells in the laboratory may help the T cells kill more tumor cells when they are put back in the body. Monoclonal antibodies, such as ipilimumab, can block tumor growth in different ways. Some block the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Others find tumor cells and help kill them or carry tumor-killing substances to them. Giving laboratory-treated T cells together with ipilimumab may kill more tumor cells

Detailed Description: PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Evaluate the safety and efficacy of adoptively transferred cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL) targeting melanoma tumors combined with anti-CTLA4.

II. Evaluate the influence of anti-CTLA4 (ipilimumab) on the duration of in vivo persistence and anti-tumor efficacy achieved following adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CTL.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Evaluate the influence of anti-CTLA4 on the induction of T cells to non-targeted tumor-associated antigens (antigen-spreading) following adoptive transfer antigen-specific CTL, and the correlation of these responses with clinical outcome.

OUTLINE:

Patients receive cyclophosphamide intravenously (IV) on day -2, therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, low-dose aldesleukin subcutaneously (SC) twice daily (BID) on days 0-13, and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up periodically.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 10

Inclusion Criteria

Histopathologic documentation of melanoma concurrent with the diagnosis of metastatic disease
Expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)/Zubrod performance status of 0-1
Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must be using an adequate method of contraception to avoid pregnancy throughout the study in such a manner that the risk of pregnancy is minimized; suggested precautions should be used to minimize the risk or pregnancy for at least 1 month before start of therapy, and while women are on study for up to 3 months after T cell infusion, and at least 8 weeks after the study drug is stopped; WOCBP include any female who has experienced menarche and who has not undergone successful surgical sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation or bilateral oophorectomy) or is not postmenopausal
Men must be willing and able to use an acceptable method of birth control, for at least 3 months after completion of the study, if their sexual partners are WOCBP
Willing and able to give informed consent
Adequate venous access-consider peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) or central line
Bi-dimensionally measurable disease by palpation on clinical exam, or radiographic imaging (X-ray, computed tomography [CT] scan)
At least 4 weeks must have elapsed since the last chemotherapy, radiotherapy or major surgery; at least 6 weeks for nitrosoureas, mitomycin C and liposomal doxorubicin; if started before T-cell administration, Ipilimumab infusions must be least 21 days apart
Toxicity related to prior therapy must either have returned to =< grade 1, baseline, or been deemed irreversible
Persons of reproductive potential must agree to use and utilize an adequate method of contraception throughout treatment and for at least 8 weeks after study drug is stopped

Exclusion Criteria

Patients with active infections or oral temperature > 38.2 C within 72 hours prior to planned leukapheresis; the procedure may be deferred
Patients with hematocrit (Hct) < 30%, white blood cells (WBC) < 2500/uL and platelets < 50,000 immediately prior to leukapheresis; the procedure may be deferred
Any other malignancy from which the patient has been disease-free for less than 5 years, with the exception of adequately treated and cured basal or squamous cell skin cancer, superficial bladder cancer, carcinoma in situ of the cervix
White blood cell count (WBC) < 2000/uL
Hematocrit (Hct) < 24% or hemoglobin (Hb) < 8 g/dL
Absolute neutrophile count (ANC) < 1000
Platelets < 50,000
Creatinine > 3.0 x upper limit normal (ULN)
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 2.5 x ULN
Bilirubin > 3 x ULN
Pregnant women, nursing mothers, men or women of reproductive ability who are unwilling to use effective contraception; women of childbearing potential with a positive pregnancy test within 3 days prior to entry
Clinically significant pulmonary dysfunction, as determined by medical history and physical exam; patients so identified will undergo pulmonary functions testing and those with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) < 2.0 L or diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (DLco) (corr for Hgb) < 50% will be excluded
Significant cardiovascular abnormalities as defined by any one of the following:
- Congestive heart failure
- Clinically significant hypotension
- Symptoms of coronary artery disease
- Presence of cardiac arrhythmias on electrocardiogram (EKG) requiring drug therapy
- Ejection fraction < 50 % (echocardiogram or multi gated acquisition [MUGA] scan)
Active and untreated central nervous system (CNS) metastasis (including metastasis identified during screening magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] or contrast CT)
Autoimmune disease: Patients with a history of Inflammatory Bowel Disease are excluded from this study, as are patients with a history of autoimmune disease (e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus, vasculitis, infiltrating lung disease) whose possible progression during treatment would be considered by the Investigator to be unacceptable
Any underlying medical or psychiatric condition, which in the opinion of the Investigator, will make the administration of study drug hazardous or obscure the interpretation of adverse events, such as a condition associated with frequent diarrhea
Positive screening tests for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis (Hep) B, and Hep C; if positive results are not indicative of true active or chronic infection, the patient can be treated
Steroids are not permitted 3 days prior to T cell infusion and concurrently during therapy
No prisoners or children will be enrolled on this study
Any non-oncology vaccine therapy used for the prevention of infectious disease within 1 month before or after any ipilimumab dose
Patients may not be on any other treatments for their cancer aside from those included in the protocol; patients may not undergo another form of treatment concurrently with this study

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Treatment (laboratory-treated T cells and ipilimumab)	immunohistochemistry staining method	Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -2, therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, low-dose aldesleukin SC BID on days 0-13, and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Treatment (laboratory-treated T cells and ipilimumab)	ipilimumab	Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -2, therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, low-dose aldesleukin SC BID on days 0-13, and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Treatment (laboratory-treated T cells and ipilimumab)	biopsy	Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -2, therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, low-dose aldesleukin SC BID on days 0-13, and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Treatment (laboratory-treated T cells and ipilimumab)	aldesleukin	Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -2, therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, low-dose aldesleukin SC BID on days 0-13, and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Treatment (laboratory-treated T cells and ipilimumab)	polymerase chain reaction	Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -2, therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, low-dose aldesleukin SC BID on days 0-13, and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Treatment (laboratory-treated T cells and ipilimumab)	immunoenzyme technique	Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -2, therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, low-dose aldesleukin SC BID on days 0-13, and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Treatment (laboratory-treated T cells and ipilimumab)	therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes	Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -2, therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, low-dose aldesleukin SC BID on days 0-13, and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Treatment (laboratory-treated T cells and ipilimumab)	cyclophosphamide	Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -2, therapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, low-dose aldesleukin SC BID on days 0-13, and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Toxicity assessment of study treatment, assessed by National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0	Up to 6 months post-infusion
Numeric frequency and functional persistence of transferred CTL	Up to 6 months post-infusion	Determined using peptide major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-tetramer analysis or specific CDR3 T-cell-receptor (TCR) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of transferred CTL if necessary. The function of transferred CTL will be determined by intracellular cytokine staining of tetramer+ CD8+ cells following in vitro stimulation.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Responses to non-targeted T cell antigens	Up to 1 year following T cell infusion and/or at the time of observed partial or complete clinical response	Blood samples taken will be analyzed for the induction of non-targeted T cell responses. Two approaches will be used: tetramer analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay.