Feasibility and Tolerance of Nivolumab Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in High Risk HPV Driven Oropharynx Cancer

Phase 2

Completed

• Conditions: Oropharynx Cancer
• Interventions: Drug: Nivolumab; Radiation: Chemoradiation

• Registration Number: NCT03838263
• Lead Sponsor: UNICANCER

Brief Summary

The aim of this research is to study the feasibility of neoadjuvant treatment before chemoradiation in "high risk" HPV-driven Oropharynx cancer

Detailed Description

Methodology:

Patient screened wil be randomized 2:1 between 2 arms:

* Experimental arm: Nivolumab 2 infusions (2 weeks part) before standard of care chemoradiation for 7 weeks with cisplatin at week 1, 4, and 7

* Control arm: Standard of care chemoradiation for 7 weeks with cisplatin at week 1, 4, and 7

Primary Objective:

To assess the feasibility and tolerance of neoadjuvant nivolumab treatment before chemoradiation in "high-risk" HPV-driven Oropharynx Cancer

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2019-02-06
• Study First Submitted QC: 2019-02-08
• Study First Posted: 2019-02-12
• Study Start: 2019-07-25
• Primary Completion: 2022-04-01
• Study Completion: 2024-11-20
• Status Verified: 2025-02
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-02-27
• Last Update Posted: 2025-03-04

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 62

Inclusion Criteria

1. Age ≥18 years old

2. Histologically confirmed HPV-positive Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) amenable to curative treatment with RT-CT (HPV status is defined on the basis of the combination of 2 assays: p16 protein overexpression assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and high-risk HPV DNA identification by in-situ Hybridization (ISH) or PCR. An HPV-driven OPSCC is defined as a tumor that is positive for both p16 IHC and HPV-DNA ISH or PCR)

3. According to the 8th TNM edition, eligible stages are as follow:

   • Irrespective of tobacco consumption: Stage T4 (any N), N2 or N3 (any T)
   • Only if tobacco consumption ≥10 pack- years: T1-3N1 and T3N0 (T1N0 and T2N0 irrespective of tobacco consumption are not eligible for the study)

4. Planned date of chemoradiation allowing 2 treatment infusions, 2 weeks apart

5. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤1

6. Screening laboratory values must meet the following criteria (using CTCAE v5.0) and should be obtained within 7 days prior to the randomisation:

   1. Polynuclear neutrophils ≥1.5 x 10⁹/L
   2. Platelets ≥100 x 10⁹/L
   3. Hemoglobin ≥9.0 g/dL
   4. Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT)/aspartate transaminase (ASAT) ≤2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
   5. Total Bilirubin ≤1.5 x ULN (except Gilbert Syndrome : <3.0 mg/dL)
   6. Creatinine clearance ≥60 mL/min (measured or calculated by Cockcroft and Gault formula)

7. Potentially reproductive patients must agree to use a highly effective contraceptive method while on treatment and up to 6 months after the end of chemoradiation

8. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test done within 72 hours before randomisation

9. Patients must be willing and able to comply with scheduled visits, treatment plan, laboratory tests and other study procedures (including mandatory study-specific biopsies)

10. Subjects must have at least one lesion amenable to biopsy

11. Subjects must have at least one measurable lesion (different from the lesion amenable to biopsy) as per RECIST v1.1 to assess efficacy

12. Consent to provide archived tumour tissue sample, if available

13. Patients must be affiliated to a Social Security System

14. Patient information and written informed consent form signed

Exclusion Criteria

1. Prior treatment for OPSCC
2. Prior treatment with anti PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4
3. Distant metastases
4. Tumour embolization within 28 days prior to the first dose of study drug.
5. Contra-indication(s) to receive high-dose cisplatin as listed in the most updated Summary of Product Characteristics (including creatinine clearance <60 mL/min, pre-existing hearing loss or neurological disorder)
6. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, active peptic ulcer disease or gastritis, or psychiatric illness and social situations that would limit compliance with study requirement or compromise the ability of the subject to give written informed consent
7. Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 14 days before the first dose, including intranasal and inhaled corticosteroids or systemic corticosteroids
8. Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disease within the 2 years prior to start of treatment (including inflammatory bowel disease [e.g., ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease], celiac disease, irritable bowel disease, or other serious chronic gastrointestinal conditions associated with diarrhea; systemic lupus erythematosus; Wegener syndrome [granulomatosis with polyangiitis]; myasthenia gravis; Graves' disease; rheumatoid arthritis; hypophysitis, uveitis, etc.) The following are exceptions to these criteria:a) Subjects with vitiligo or alopecia, b) Subjects with hypothyroidism (e.g.,Hashimoto syndrome) stable on hormone replacement and c) Subjects with psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment (within the past 2 years)
9. History of primary immunodeficiency or organ transplant requiring immunosuppressive drugs
10. Patients with a known HIV, active hepatitis B or C infection
11. Other invasive malignancy within 3 years except for noninvasive malignancies such as cervical carcinoma in situ, non-melanomatous carcinoma of the skin or ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast that has/have been surgically cured
12. Pregnant women or women who are breast-feeding
13. Patients with any psychological, familial, sociological or geographical condition potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule; those conditions should be discussed with the patient before registration in the study
14. Individuals deprived of liberty or placed under the authority of a tutor
15. Severe infection requiring parenteral antibiotics treatment
16. Known history or active symptomatic interstitial lung disease
17. Patients with major surgery within 28 days, or open biopsy within 7 days, prior to randomisation. Patients must have recovered from major side effects of the surgery before randomisation

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Experimental arm	Chemoradiation	Experimental arm with nivolumab 2 infusions (2 weeks apart) before Standard of care chemoradiation for 7 weeks with high-dose cisplatin (100 mg/m²) at week 1, 4 and 7
Control arm	Chemoradiation	Control arm: Standard of care chemoradiation for 7 weeks with high-dose cisplatin (100 mg/m²) at week 1, 4 and 7
Experimental arm	Nivolumab	Experimental arm with nivolumab 2 infusions (2 weeks apart) before Standard of care chemoradiation for 7 weeks with high-dose cisplatin (100 mg/m²) at week 1, 4 and 7

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
The rate of patients that fulfill the 3 or 5 conditions as described below (Feasibility assessment of nivolumab neoadjuvant treatment before chemoradiation)	Between baseline and until 3 months (at the end of chemoradiation)	the rate of patients : (1) who can receive the 2 nivolumab infusions planned at D1 and between D14 to D16 among patients in the experimental arm And (2) who can receive chemoradiation at D30 (-2 /+7) after the second nivolumab infusion, without delay of more than 7 days with respect to the planned start of chemoradiation (RT-CT) among patients in the experimental arm And (3) with no radiotherapy break of one week or more, among patients in the experimental arm and patients in the control arm separately And (4) with minimal dose of radiotherapy (dose received \>95% of theoretical dose) among patients in the experimental arm and patients in the control arm separately And (5) with minimal dose of chemotherapy of ≥200 mg/m² of cisplatin (CDDP) among patients in the experimental arm and patients in the control arm separately

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Locoregional control (LRC)	Between baseline and 2 years after the end of chemoradiation	the absence of disease progression (radiological progression according to RECIST 1.1 or clinical progression) or recurrence at the site of the primary tumor and loco-regional lymph nodes.
The incidence of Adverse Events related or not related to chemoradiation and Nivolumab	During treatment phase and until 90 days after the last fraction of radiotherapy	Acute and delayed toxicities assessed according to national cancer institute (NCI) common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) version 5.0
Overall Survival (OS)	Between baseline and 2 years after the end of chemoradiation	the time from randomization to death from any cause
Progression-Free Survival (PFS)	Between baseline and 2 years after the end of chemoradiation	The time from randomization to progression or death from any cause
Objective Response Rate in the experimental arm	Between baseline and up to 17 days after the second infusion of nivolumab	Standardized uptake value (SUV) evolution will be assessed by positron emission tomography (PET)-scan.
Tumor Response in both arms	Between baseline and 3 months after the end of chemoradiation	SUV evolution will be assessed by PET-scan.

Trial Locations

Locations (11)

Institut Sainte Catherine; 🇫🇷 Avignon, France

Hopital Tenon; 🇫🇷 Paris, France

Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou; 🇫🇷 Paris, France

Institut de cancerologie de Lorraine Alexis Vautrin; 🇫🇷 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France

Hopital Beaujon; 🇫🇷 Clichy, France

Centre Léon Bérard; 🇫🇷 Lyon, France

Institut Curie; 🇫🇷 Paris, France

Centre Antoine Lacassagne; 🇫🇷 Nice, France

Centre Henri Becquerel; 🇫🇷 Rouen, France

Hopital Foch; 🇫🇷 Suresnes, France

Institut Gustave Roussy; 🇫🇷 Villejuif, France