The Caudal Space in Children: Ultrasound Evaluation

Completed

• Conditions: Genitourinary Disease; Hydrocele; Inguinal Hernia; Cryptorchidism; Hypospadia
• Interventions: Other: ultrasound evaluation of caudal space

• Registration Number: NCT01896076
• Lead Sponsor: Yonsei University

Brief Summary

Caudal anesthesia is commonly employed in pediatrics to produce postoperative analgesia in low abdominal or urologic surgery.

An exact understanding of the anatomy of the sacral area including sacral hiatus and surrounding structures is crucial to the success of caudal block.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the anatomy of the caudal space in pediatrics by ultrasound evaluation.

Detailed Description

Not available

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2013-06
• Study First Submitted: 2013-06-30
• Study First Submitted QC: 2013-07-10
• Study First Posted: 2013-07-11
• Primary Completion: 2014-02
• Study Completion: 2014-03
• Status Verified: 2014-07
• Last Update Submitted: 2014-07-24
• Last Update Posted: 2014-07-28

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 300

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients aged 0 - 84 months who were scheduled to undergo elective urological surgery.

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Exclusion Criteria

• Patients with any contraindication to caudal epidural block were excluded.

  • coagulopathy
  • allergy to local anesthetics
  • infection at the puncture site

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Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Pediatric patients in urologic surgery	ultrasound evaluation of caudal space	Pediatric patients undergoing caudal block for urologic surgery were included in this study.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
ultrasound evaluation of caudal space	Right after induction of general anesthesia, the patients were placed in the lateral position. The ultrasound evaluation include transverse and longitudinal view.	First, investigators place the transducer at the sacral cornua to obtain a transverse view.; In the transverse view, the distance between two cornua and the depth of caudal space at the sacral hiatus were measured. In the longitudinal view, the distance from the skin to the sacrococcygeal membrane and the optimal angles and the safety distance for needle insertion depending on the points of insertions were measured. From the end of dura sac to the sacral hiatus were regarded as safety distance for the needle insertion during caudal block.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine; 🇰🇷 Seoul, Korea, Republic of