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Dose and Duration of Metronidazole and Amoxicillin for Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis

Phase 4
Conditions
Chronic Periodontitis
Interventions
Procedure: Scaling and root planing (SRP)
Other: Placebo 400 (14 days)
Other: Placebo 500
Other: Placebo 250 (7 days)
Other: Placebo 400 (7 days)
Registration Number
NCT02735395
Lead Sponsor
University of Guarulhos
Brief Summary

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and microbiological outcomes of different dosages of metronidazole (MTZ) and of the duration of the systemic administration of MTZ and amoxicillin as adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (GChP).

Detailed Description

Randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews have shown that the use of the combination of metronidazole (MTZ) and amoxicillin (AMX) significantly improves the benefits of the SRP in the treatment of subjects with periodontitis. However, the optimal dosage and interval of administration of these antibiotics are still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the clinical and microbiological outcomes of different dosages and duration of the systemic administration of the combination of MTZ and AMX as adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (GChP). One hundred ten subjects will be randomly assigned to receive SRP plus placebo, or SRP combined with 250 mg or 400 mg of MTZ, plus AMX (500 mg) TID, for either 7 or 14 days. Subjects will be clinically and microbiologically monitored up to 1 year post-therapy.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
110
Inclusion Criteria
  • ≥30 years of age;
  • at least 15 teeth (excluding third molars and teeth with advanced decay indicated for extraction)
  • a minimum of 6 teeth with at least one site each with probing depth (PD) and clinical * attachment level (CAL) ≥5 mm;
  • at least 30% of the sites with PD and CAL ≥4 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP).
Exclusion Criteria
  • pregnancy
  • breastfeeding
  • current smoking and former smoking within the past 5 years;
  • systemic diseases that could affect the progression of periodontitis (e.g. diabetes, immunological disorders, osteoporosis);
  • scaling and root planing an in the previous 12 months;
  • antibiotic therapy in the previous 6 months;
  • long-term intake of anti-inflammatory medications;
  • need for antibiotic pre-medication for routine dental therapy;
  • allergy to metronidazole and/or amoxicillin.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
ControlScaling and root planing (SRP)Scaling and root planing (SRP) + two placebo pills thrice a day (TID) for 14 days (control group)
ControlPlacebo 400 (14 days)Scaling and root planing (SRP) + two placebo pills thrice a day (TID) for 14 days (control group)
ControlPlacebo 500Scaling and root planing (SRP) + two placebo pills thrice a day (TID) for 14 days (control group)
MTZ 250 (7 days)Scaling and root planing (SRP)SRP + MTZ (250mg/TID) + AMX, for 7 days and placebos for another 7 days
MTZ 250 (7 days)Metronidazole 250 (7 days)SRP + MTZ (250mg/TID) + AMX, for 7 days and placebos for another 7 days
MTZ 400 (7 days)Metronidazole 400 (7 days)SRP + MTZ (400mg/TID) + AMX, for 7 days and placebos for another 7 days
MTZ 250 (14 days)Metronidazole 250 (14 days)SRP +MTZ (250mg/TID) + AMX for 14 days
MTZ 400 (14 days)Scaling and root planing (SRP)SRP +MTZ (400mg/TID) + AMX for 14 days
MTZ 400 (14 days)Metronidazole 400 (14 days)SRP +MTZ (400mg/TID) + AMX for 14 days
MTZ 250 (7 days)Placebo 250 (7 days)SRP + MTZ (250mg/TID) + AMX, for 7 days and placebos for another 7 days
MTZ 400 (7 days)Scaling and root planing (SRP)SRP + MTZ (400mg/TID) + AMX, for 7 days and placebos for another 7 days
MTZ 400 (7 days)Placebo 400 (7 days)SRP + MTZ (400mg/TID) + AMX, for 7 days and placebos for another 7 days
MTZ 250 (14 days)Scaling and root planing (SRP)SRP +MTZ (250mg/TID) + AMX for 14 days
MTZ 250 (7 days)AmoxicillinSRP + MTZ (250mg/TID) + AMX, for 7 days and placebos for another 7 days
MTZ 400 (7 days)AmoxicillinSRP + MTZ (400mg/TID) + AMX, for 7 days and placebos for another 7 days
MTZ 400 (14 days)AmoxicillinSRP +MTZ (400mg/TID) + AMX for 14 days
MTZ 250 (14 days)AmoxicillinSRP +MTZ (250mg/TID) + AMX for 14 days
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of subjects reaching ≤ 4 periodontal sites with probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm at 12 months12 months
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of sites with plaque accumulationBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Percentage of sites with marginal bleedingBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Occurrence of headache obtained through a questionnaire of adverse effects14 days after the beginning of treatments
Number of sites with PD ≥ 5 mmBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Occurrence of vomiting obtained through a questionnaire of adverse effects14 days after the beginning of treatments
Occurrence of diarrhea obtained through a questionnaire of adverse effects14 days after the beginning of treatments
Occurrence of metallic taste obtained through a questionnaire of adverse effects14 days after the beginning of treatments
Occurrence of nausea obtained through a questionnaire of adverse effects14 days after the beginning of treatments
Occurrence of irritability obtained through a questionnaire of adverse effects14 days after the beginning of treatments
Proportions of periodontal pathogenic bacterial speciesBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Counts of periodontal pathogenic bacterial speciesBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Number of sites with PD ≥ 6 mmBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Number of sites with PD ≥ 7 mmBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Reduction in the number of sites with PD ≥ 5 mmBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Reduction in the number of sites with PD ≥ 6 mmBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Reduction in the number of sites with PD ≥ 7 mmBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Full-mouth PDBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Full-mouth clinical attachment levelBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Percentage of sites with bleeding on probingBaseline, 3, 6 and 12 months

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Guarulhos University

🇧🇷

Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil

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