Delafloxacin vs Vancomycin and Aztreonam for the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Skin Structures and Soft Tissue Infections
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Bacterial Infections

Interventions: Drug: vancomycin
Drug: delafloxacin
Drug: aztreonam

Registration Number: NCT01984684

Lead Sponsor: Melinta Therapeutics, Inc.

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Delafloxacin versus Vancomycin plus Aztreonam in the treatment of patients with acute bacterial skin and soft tissue infections.

Detailed Description: The purpose of this study is to determine if delafloxacin, an investigational drug, is safe and effective in the treatment of skin and nearby tissue infections compared with a combination of other antibiotics, vancomycin and aztreonam.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 850

Inclusion Criteria

Adult (≥ 18 years of age) men or women with a diagnosis of ABSSSI (cellulitis/erysipelas, wound infection, major cutaneous abscess, or burn infection) with surrounding redness of a minimum surface area of 75 cm^2 and at least two signs of systemic infection
In the opinion of the investigator, the subject must require and be a suitable candidate for IV antibiotic therapy, and the subject must be able and willing to comply with protocol requirements

Exclusion Criteria

A medical history of significant hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to quinolones, beta-lactams, vancomycin, or vancomycin derivatives according to the judgment of the investigator.
Women who are pregnant or lactating.
Any chronic or underlying skin condition at the site of infection that may complicate the assessment of response, including infection involving a prosthetic joint, human or animal bite, osteomyelitis, decubitus ulcer, diabetic foot ulcer, septic arthritis, mediastinitis, necrotizing fasciitis, anaerobic cellulitis, or synergistic necrotizing cellulitis, myositis, tendinitis, endocarditis, sustained shock, gangrene or gas gangrene; burns covering ≥10% of body surface area; severely compromised immune system, severely impaired arterial blood supply to an extremity with an ABSSSI, deep vein thrombosis or superficial thrombophlebitis, and requiring either an amputation or multiple debridement procedures.
Receipt of systemic antibiotic therapy in the 14 days before enrollment unless 1 of the following was documented:
- Received ≥ 48 hours of antibiotic therapy for ABSSSI AND clinical progression is documented (i.e., not by patient history alone).
- Recently (within 14 days) completed a treatment course with an antibacterial drug for an infection other than ABSSSI and the drug does not have activity against bacterial pathogens that cause ABSSSI.
- Received only 1 dose of either a single, potentially effective, short-acting antimicrobial drug or drug regimen for ABSSSI.
Any underlying disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, could interfere with the subject's ability to participate in the study including severe cardiac disease, known history of liver disease, end-stage renal disease, malignancy, psychiatric disorder, ongoing treatment for seizures or untreated history of seizures, or life expectancy of < 3 months.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Vancomycin plus Aztreonam	vancomycin	Vancomycin 15 mg/kg IV plus two grams Aztreonam every 12 hours for a minimum of 10 up to a maximum of 28 doses total (Aztreonam was discontinued as soon as possible if a gram-negative organism was not identified in baseline cultures)
Delafloxacin	delafloxacin	Delafloxacin 300 mg IV Q12H for 6 doses, then Delafloxacin 450 mg oral tablet Q12H for a minimum of 10 up to a maximum of 28 doses total
Vancomycin plus Aztreonam	aztreonam	Vancomycin 15 mg/kg IV plus two grams Aztreonam every 12 hours for a minimum of 10 up to a maximum of 28 doses total (Aztreonam was discontinued as soon as possible if a gram-negative organism was not identified in baseline cultures)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Objective Response of ≥20% Reduction in Lesion Erythema Area Compared to Baseline at 48 to 72 Hours After Initiation of Treatment as Determined by Digital Measurements of the Leading Edge.	48 to 72 hrs after starting treatment	A patient was considered a responder if s/he had a ≥20% reduction in size of the area of erythema associated with the baseline ABSSSI, as determined by digital planimetry of the leading edge and had none of the reasons for clinical failure; a patient was considered a non-responder (failure) if s/he had \<20% reduction in size of the area of erythema associated with the baseline ABSSSI as determined by digital planimetry of the leading edge, or had major intervention such as another antibiotic or surgical intervention or died within 74 hours after initiation of study drug.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Investigator-assessed Response of Signs and Symptoms of Infection at the Late Follow-up Visit	Study Day 21 to 28	A patient was considered a Cure if all baseline signs and symptoms of ABSSSI had resolved; if some symptoms remained, but the patient was improved to the extent that no additional antibiotic treatment was necessary, the response was Improved. A patient was considered a Failure for any of the following reasons: nonstudy antibacterial drug therapy was required because of lack of efficacy after at least 4 doses of study drug or for a treatment-related AE; study antibacterial drug therapy was required for longer than 28 doses; and/or unplanned surgical intervention was needed after study entry except for limited bedside debridement and standard wound care. Improved and Indeterminate responses were considered failures in the primary analysis. A sensitivity analysis was also performed, in which the assigned responses were Success (Cure + Improved) or Failure (Failure + Indeterminate/Missing).
Investigator-assessed Response of Signs and Symptoms of Infection at the Follow up Visit (European Medicines Agency [EMA] Primary Endpoint)	Study Day 14 ± 1	A patient was considered a Cure if all baseline signs and symptoms of ABSSSI had resolved; if some symptoms remained, but the patient was improved to the extent that no additional antibiotic treatment was necessary, the response was Improved. A patient was considered a Failure for any of the following reasons: nonstudy antibacterial drug therapy was required because of lack of efficacy after at least 4 doses of study drug or for a treatment-related AE; study antibacterial drug therapy was required for longer than 28 doses; and/or unplanned surgical intervention was needed after study entry except for limited bedside debridement and standard wound care. Improved and Indeterminate responses were considered failures in the primary analysis. A sensitivity analysis was also performed, in which the assigned responses were Success (Cure + Improved) or Failure (Failure + Indeterminate/Missing).