Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention and/or hyperactivity. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, has shown promise in ADHD treatment. The objective was to investigate the efficacy and safety of tDCS on the performance of children and adolescents with ADHD in neuropsychological tests involving visual attention, visual and verbal working memory, and inhibitory control. We conducted a triple-blind, randomized, sham-controlled, crossover clinical trial involving fifteen individuals. No statistically significant difference was observed when comparing results between the two groups (tDCS and sham-tDCS). Adverse events were primarily self-limiting and characterized as mild and transient. Conclusion: This study did not achieve its primary endpoint and found no neuropsychological improvement in any of the investigated outcomes related to the intervention group.