MedPath

Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Early Onset Type 1 Diabetes

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Interventions
Drug: Insulin therapy
Procedure: AHSCT
Registration Number
NCT00807651
Lead Sponsor
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Brief Summary

This is a phase II trial in individuals who have been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes within the previous 6 months. The study is evaluating whether stem cell transplantation is safe when chemotherapy and immunotherapy are used in combination and if it has immune resetting effect that may halt the immune attack to pancreas islets and thus preserve the body's own insulin production.

Detailed Description

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Generally, at the time someone is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, not all of a person's beta cells have been destroyed. It's important to preserving the remaining precious beta cells so as to stop the diabetes progression.

The exact mechanism of action of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation(AHST) in autoimmune disorders is not fully understood. Preliminary data supported post-AHST immune resetting included an increase in thymus-derived naive T cells, decreased central-memory T cells, increased output of recent thymic emigrants, and recovery of a diverse but distinct T-cell receptor repertoire following AHST. In the patients of type 1 diabetes, decreasing titer of anti-GAD antibody may bring improvement of beta-cell function after intensive immunosuppression. Furthermore, there may exit the possibility of regeneration of beta cells from surviving beta cells or from pancreatic or bone marrow stem cells.

Patients recently diagnosed (less than 6 months) with type 1 diabetes mellitus proved by positive antibody against glutamic acid decarboxylase will be included in this study. Hematopoietic stem cells will be mobilized with cyclophosphamide (2.0 g/m2) and granulocyte colonystimulating factor (10 μg/kg per day) and then collected from peripheral blood by leukapheresis and cryopreserved. The cells were injected intravenously after conditioning with cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) and rabbit antithymocyte globulin (4.5 mg/kg). This procedure is performed in isolated rooms at the Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine. Patients will be discharged from the hospital 1 month after transplantation and continue the follow-ups for 3 years. Patients fitting the inclusion criteria but not agreeing to perform the transplantation are the control group and they will be followed in parallel with transplanted patients.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
40
Inclusion Criteria
  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus diagnosed by clinical/metabolic parameters and positive anti-GAD antibody
  • Less than 6 months from diagnosis
Exclusion Criteria
  • Previous diabetic ketoacidosis
  • Pregnancy
  • Severe psychiatric disorder
  • Severe organic impairment (renal, hepatic, cardiac, pulmonary)
  • Active infectious disease
  • Previous or present neoplastic disease

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
insulin therapyInsulin therapyThe participants not accepted written informed consent will receive insulin therapy
AHSCTAHSCTThe participants accepted written informed consent will receive the therapy of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(AHSCT)
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Exogenous insulin dose1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months, 36 months
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Anti-GAD titres1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months, 36 months
HbA1c level3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months, 36 months
C-peptide level1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months, 36 months

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

🇨🇳

Shanghai, Shanghai, China

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath