Pay-it-forward Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Testing Among Men in China

Not Applicable

Completed

Interventions: Behavioral: Standard Pay-it-forward
Behavioral: Community Engaged Pay-it-forward
Other: Control arm

Brief Summary: PIONEER is a three-arm, programmatic cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) to compare effectiveness of three implementation strategies, followed by a mixed-methods implementation evaluation study

Detailed Description: The study will be implemented at 12 clinics in Guangdong, China, which will be randomly assigned to one of the intervention arms for delivering gonorrhea testing: a standard pay-it-forward implementation strategy with minimal encouragement to get tested, a community-engaged pay-it-forward strategy, and a control arm in which men pay for their own sexually transmitted disease (STD) test. Data sources will include survey data on acceptability of intervention, intervention appropriateness, feelings and attitudes towards interventions among participants, administrative data about test uptake, treatment rate, and donations, as well as qualitative data to gain insights about men's perceptions and attitudes towards the pay-it-forward interventions strategies, mechanisms driving uptake and donating behaviors. Both survey and qualitative interviews with implementers and organizers about fidelity and adherence to protocol, intention to continue and maintain a pay-it-forward intervention, and barriers and facilitators of implementing the intervention will be conducted.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

at least 18 years old
have had sex over the past year
have not been tested for gonorrhea and chlamydia in the past year
reside in the city in the past three months
speak Mandarin Chinese or Cantonese
mentally capable of providing informed consent to test for gonorrhea and chlamydia
own a mobile phone

Exclusion Criteria

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Standard Pay-it-forward	Standard Pay-it-forward	* free gonorrhea/chlamydia testing * minimal engagement
Community engaged Pay-it-forward	Community Engaged Pay-it-forward	* Free gonorrhea/chlamydia testing * Stronger engagement
Control arm	Control arm	* Test available for a fee * No engagement

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of participants testing for gonorrhea	During enrollment visit	gonorrhea test uptake will be ascertained by administrative review of records from participating clinics

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Amount of money donated	During enrollment visit	the amount of money each participant donated towards the test of the next participant
Number of participants who test positive for gonorrhea	During enrollment visit	laboratory results will be reviewed
Number of participants who test positive for chlamydia	During enrollment visit	laboratory results will be reviewed
Cost per test per individual	During enrollment visit	The cost associated with respective interventions per individual who reported testing for gonorrhea and chlamydia following the intervention
Self reported gratitude scale	During enrollment visit	10 Items; Lowest score of 10, highest of 70 (higher scores indicate higher levels of gratitude)
Self reported community engagement scale	During enrollment visit	6 Items; Lowest score of 0, highest of 6 (higher scores indicate higher levels of community engagement)
Self reported community connectedness scale	During enrollment visit	7 Items; Lowest score of 7, highest of 28 (higher scores indicate higher levels of community connectedness)
Self reported community cohesion scale	During enrollment visit	10 Items; Lowest score of 10, highest of 40 (higher scores indicate higher levels of community cohesion)
Self reported internalized homophobia scale	During enrollment visit	11 Items; Lowest score of 11, highest of 55 (higher scores indicate higher levels of internalized homophobia)

Locations (1): Dermatology Hospital, Institute for Global Health and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Southern Medical University, China
🇨🇳
Guangzhou, Guangdong, China