NCT05177367WithdrawnNot Applicable
Combined Effects of Variety and Portion Size on Meal Intake of Women
Conditions
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Withdrawn
- Sponsor
- Penn State University
- Locations
- 2
- Primary Endpoint
- Change in intake by weight
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the combined effects of meal variety and portion size on food intake at a meal. The study will also investigate relationships with eating microstructure such as eating rate and bite size. Additionally, other individual characteristics will be examined for their influence on the effects of variety and portion size on meal intake.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Basic Science
- Masking
- Single (Participant)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 20 Years to 65 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- Female
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Be willing and able to travel to Penn State University Park campus weekly for meals
- •Be fully vaccinated against COVID-19
- •Be a woman 20 - 65 years old
- •Regularly eat 3 meals/day
- •Be willing to refrain from drinking alcohol the day before and during test days
- •Have a body mass index between 18.0 and 35.0 kg/m*m
- •Be willing to refrain from eating after 10 pm the evening before test sessions
- •Be willing to participate in all study procedures
Exclusion Criteria
- •Must not be a smoker
- •Must not be an athlete in training
- •Must not be pregnant or breastfeeding at the time of screening
- •Must not have taken prescription or non-prescription drugs that may affect appetite or food intake within the last 3 months
- •Must not dislike or be unable to eat the test foods (because of allergies, intolerance, or dietary restrictions)
- •Must not have a high variability in liking of the test foods
- •Must not be currently dieting to gain or lose weight
- •Must not have a health condition that affects appetite
- •Must not have participated in a similar study in our lab in the past year
- •Must not be a student, faculty, or staff member in nutritional sciences or psychology
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Change in intake by weight
Time Frame: Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Weight (grams) of all meal components consumed
Change in energy intake
Time Frame: Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Energy intake (kilocalories) of all meal components consumed, calculated from weight and energy density
Secondary Outcomes
- Change in mean eating rate(Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in mean sip size(Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in rating of pleasantness of the taste of food samples(From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in switching between bites and sips(Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in rating of prospective consumption of food samples(Time Frame: From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in rating of fullness(Time Frame: From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in switching between different foods(Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in rating of hunger(Time Frame: From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in rating of thirst(Time Frame: From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in bite count(Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in sip count(Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in meal duration(Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in mean bite size(Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in mean drinking rate(Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
- Change in rating of nausea(Time Frame: From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
Investigators
Barbara J. Rolls
Professor of Nutrition and Director of The Laboratory For The Study of Human Ingestive Behavior
Penn State University
Study Sites (2)
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