Smoking Interventions for Hospital Patients
- Conditions
- Cigarette Smoking
- Interventions
- Other: Standard CareOther: Extended Care Management
- Registration Number
- NCT01177176
- Lead Sponsor
- Massachusetts General Hospital
- Brief Summary
Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. Nearly 4 million U.S. smokers are hospitalized each year, many of them at high risk for tobacco-related disease or death. A hospital admission provides an opportunity for a smoker to quit. Smoking cessation counseling provided in the hospital is effective, but only if it continues for \>1 month after discharge. Smoking cessation medications add benefit to counseling but are not often used. The challenge is to translate this efficacy research into routine clinical practice. The major barrier is to make the transition from inpatient to outpatient care. An evidence-based, cost-effective intervention model that can be adopted by U.S. hospitals is needed to realize the potential impact of hospital smoking interventions.
The Specific Aim of this project is to conduct a randomized controlled comparative effectiveness trial of two strategies to promote smoking cessation in hospitalized patients: (1) a hospital-only intervention that meets the current standard of the National Hospital Quality Measures("Standard Care"), and (2) an "Extended Care Management" model with 2 components that aims to encourage and facilitate the sustained use of smoking cessation treatment (counseling and medication use) after discharge in order to achieve long-term abstinence. It adds to Standard Care 3 months of telephone-based contact after discharge and feature 2 innovations: (1) to increase medication use, smokers willing to make a quit attempt receive a free, refillable 30-day sample of their choice of FDA-approved smoking cessation medication at hospital discharge; (2) to increase counseling cost-effectiveness, interactive voice recognition (IVR) technology is used to make automated telephone calls to identify the smokers interested in or most likely to benefit from continued counseling after discharge. The trial will enroll 330 adult smokers admitted to Massachusetts General Hospital, a 900-bed teaching hospital. Outcomes will be measured 1,3 and 6 months after hospital discharge. Study hypotheses are that the enhanced care arm, compared to usual care, is feasible and will increase (1) the use of smoking cessation treatment after discharge, (2) the duration of post-discharge tobacco abstinence, and (3) validated tobacco abstinence 6 months after hospital discharge (primary outcome). The principal secondary outcome measure is self-reported 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence after hospital discharge. Other secondary endpoints include self-reported point prevalence abstinence at 1 and 3 months, prolonged abstinence (self-reported tobacco abstinence at 1, 3, and 6 months). The cost-effectiveness (cost per quit) of the interventions will be also be compared.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 397
- Cigarette smoker (daily smoker when smoking in usual way during the month before hospital admission)
- Counseled by hospital smoking counselor during hospital stay
- Plans to stop smoking tobacco products after hospital discharge
- Appropriate for use of smoking cessation medication after discharge
- Expected hospital length of stay <24 hours
- Not expected to be discharged to home
- No access to a telephone
- Unable to communicate by telephone
- Severe psychiatric or neurologic disease precluding ability to be counseled
- Pregnant, nursing, or planning to become pregnant in next 3 months
- Active substance abuse other than tobacco
- Unable to speak English
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Standard Care Standard Care Standard tobacco counseling provided to hospital inpatients as part of routine, clinical-guideline compliant care in the study hospital. No post-discharge treatment is offered in this arm. Extended Care Management Extended Care Management In addition to Standard Care, subjects in this arm receive Extended Care Management intervention to facilitate the continued use of smoking cessation treatment (counseling and medication use) after hospital discharge. This consists of 3 months of telephone-based contact after discharge.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Validated 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence 6 months after discharge 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence, validated by saliva cotinine \<= 10 ng/ml or if using NRT, expired air CO \<=9ppm, or confirmation by proxy
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Duration of tobacco abstinence after hospital discharge Up to 6 months after hospital discharge Number of days that patient reports not smoking any tobacco product after hospital discharge
Prolonged tobacco abstinence at 1, 3, and 6 months after hospital discharge Self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence at each of 3 time points: 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after hospital discharge
Use of tobacco treatment after hospital discharge during 3 months and 6 months after hospital discharge patient-reported receipt of either smoking cessation counseling (defined as contact in person or by telephone) or smoking cessation pharmacotherapy (use of nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, or varenicline)in the 3 months after hospital discharge
Self-reported 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence 1 month after hospital discharge Continuous tobacco abstinence Up to 6 months after hospital discharge Self-reported continuous tobacco abstinence at (1) 1 month, (2) 3 months and (3) 6 months after hospital discharge
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Massachusetts General Hospital
🇺🇸Boston, Massachusetts, United States