The Acute Effect of Protein or Carbohydrate Intake on Testosterone Levels and Food Intake in Children and Adolescent Boys
- Conditions
- Appetitive BehaviorPediatric Obesity
- Interventions
- Dietary Supplement: ProteinDietary Supplement: ControlDietary Supplement: Glucose
- Registration Number
- NCT03412136
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Toronto
- Brief Summary
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acute protein and glucose intake on testosterone levels measured in adolescent boys and determine whether changes in testosterone levels are associated with alterations in short-term food intake. It was hypothesized that 1) ingestion of a protein beverage would result in no change of testosterone levels whereas glucose would result in a significant decrease of testosterone levels 60 minutes after ingestion and 2) decreases of testosterone levels as a result of the glucose preload would predict food intake for boys of similar body size. The first objective was to investigate the effect of an acute protein or glucose drink on testosterone levels and the second objective was to determine whether changes of testosterone levels associate with food intake.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- Male
- Target Recruitment
- 34
- 9-18 years, healthy, male.
- History of prematurity, chronic illness, were taking any medications known to affect glucose homeostasis, appetite or pubertal development.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Protein Protein - Control Control - Glucose Glucose -
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Testosterone Change 0-65 minutes The first blood draw was taken prior to ingesting the experimental beverage at baseline (0 minutes). Participants were then given 5 minutes to ingest the beverage, and blood was later obtained 20, 35 and 65 minutes after baseline blood draw. Units were measured in ng/dl.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Appetite Biomarkers- Active Ghrelin 0-85 minutes Active Ghrelin. Units were measured in pg/ml.
Subjective Appetite- Determination to eat 0-85 minutes Visual Analog Scales were employed to assess subjective appetite based on the Determination to Eat. Units were measured in mm (based on a 100mm scale).
Appetite Biomarkers- Insulin 0-85 minutes Insulin. Units were measured in uIu/ml.
Subjective Appetite- Prospective Food Consumption 0-85 minutes Visual Analog Scales were employed to assess subjective appetite based on Prospective Food Consumption. Units were measured in mm (based on a 100mm scale).
Food Intake 65-85 minutes Participants were provided an ad libitum pizza meal. The participants were instructed to eat during the next 20 min until they were comfortably full. Based on the participant preferences determined during screening, two varieties of Deep 'N Delicious 5-inch-diameter pizza were provided for consumption; pepperoni and three-cheese pizzas (McCain Canada Ltd., Florenceville, Ontario, Canada). Units were measuring in kcal.
Appetite Biomarkers- Glucose 0-85 minutes Glucose. Units were measured in mg/dl.
Appetite Biomarkers- Glucagon-like peptide-1 0-85 minutes Glucagon-like peptide-1. Units were measured in pM.
Subjective Appetite- Hunger 0-85 minutes Visual Analog Scales were employed to assess subjective appetite based on feelings of Hunger. Units were measured in mm (based on a 100mm scale).
Subjective Appetite- Fullness 0-85 minutes Visual Analog Scales were employed to assess subjective appetite based on feelings of FullnessUnits were measured in mm (based on a 100mm scale).
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
University of Toronto
🇨🇦Toronto, Ontario, Canada