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Microvascular Function in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implant (TAVI) for Severe Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis: Association With Myocardial Fibrosis

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Severe Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis
Interventions
Device: coronary physiology
Registration Number
NCT05326126
Lead Sponsor
Matteo Montorfano
Brief Summary

Microvascular function in patients undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implant (TAVI) for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis: association with myocardial fibrosis

Detailed Description

Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis is commonly encountered in clinical practice, affecting close to 5% of individuals older than 65 years of age, and carries a dismal prognosis if left untreated.(1,2) Chronically increased left ventricular afterload triggers a compensatory myocardial response, ultimately leading to ventricular hypertrophy, aimed at reducing chronically increased wall tension an restore cardiac performance.(3) Hypertrophy ultimately results in maladaptive changes and ultimately leads to heart failure and eventually increased risk of cardiac mortality. Myocardial fibrosis and altered myocardial perfusion appear to play a role in progressive cardiac decompensation.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
75
Inclusion Criteria

• All patients referred to IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele who are candidates to receive a TAVI implant for severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis under current appropriateness criteria and clinical practice guidelines will be considered eligible to take part in the study

Exclusion Criteria
  • Age <18 years
  • Inability to express informed consent to take part in the present study.
  • Pregnancy or lactation
  • Pre-existing known disease determining a prognosis quo ad vitam shorter than the follow up of the present study
  • Significant chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min)
  • Known significant epicardial coronary artery stenosis
  • Known contraindication to adenosine administration:
  • Known allergic reactions
  • Second or third degree atrioventricular block before the procedure (in absence of a functional permanent pacemaker)
  • Long QT syndrome
  • Unstable angina
  • Severe hypotension
  • Acutely decompensated heart failure
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with bronchospasm
  • Concomitant use of dypiridamole

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Coronary physiology evaluationcoronary physiologyPatient will undergo TAVI and then Myocardial fibrosis will be evaluated on images acquired at the time of the cardiac CT obtained for TAVI planning. Briefly, an extra late post-contrast acquisition image will be acquired. The delayed post-contrast scan will be reconstructed with a soft convolution kernel and will be reformatted in the short- and long-axis planes (slice thickness 8 mm; gap 0 mm) in average mode.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
The burden of myocardial fibrosis1 year

Myocardial fibrosis measured as the percentage of delay-enhanced myocardium over total myocardial volume

Index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR)1 year

IMR a validated estimate of resistance in the coronary capillary, computed as the ratio between transit time of a 3 cc bolus of room temperature saline and distal coronary artery pressure.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Cardiovascular rehospitalization1 year

Admission to an inpatients' service for cardiovascular conditions lasting \>24h

Acute change in coronary flow reserve (CRF)1 year

Ratio of maximal coronary blood flow obtained by hyperemia to baseline coronary blood flow

Computed tomography derived extracellular volume1 year

The extracellular volume fraction (ECV) is the relative value of the volume of the extracellular space in the myocardium, therefore express as a percentage. It could be measured from computed tomography (CT) and Index of microcirculatory resistance (MRI) images, and was validated with histology. ECV-CT is calculated as follows:

ECVCT = (1-haematocrit) × (ΔHUmyo/ΔHUblood) where ΔHU is the change in Hounsfield unit attenuation pre- and post-contrast (i.e. HUpost-contrast - HUpre-contrast)

Cardiovascular death1 year

Death from any cardiac condition (e.g. myocardial infarction, acute pulmonary edema, low-output state, etc..) or vascular condition (including aortic dissection, stroke, etc...)

All-cause death1 year

Death from any cause

Acute change in index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR)1 year

Estimate of microvascular resistance derived by pressure and an indirect estimate of flow

Any rehospitalization1 year

Admission to an inpatients' service for any cause lasting \>24h

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

IRCCS San Raffaele

🇮🇹

Milan, Italy

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