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Influence of Graded Hypercapnia on Endurance Exercise Performance

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Hypercapnia
Interventions
Other: Inspired gas
Registration Number
NCT05116397
Lead Sponsor
United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine
Brief Summary

The aim of this randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial is to determine the effects of graded hypercapnia (0, 2, and 4% inspired CO2) on endurance performance. Twelve healthy and fit young adults (men and women) will complete this study. Participants will perform experimental trials on 3 separate days (one each breathing 0%, 2%, and 4% inspired CO2-all with normal 21% oxygen). During each trial, they will perform 10 minutes of submaximal treadmill walking exercise and then complete a self-paced 2-mile treadmill run time-trial.

Detailed Description

Participants will undergo baseline measurements of pulmonary function and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). They will then complete two familiarization trials, with 10 minutes of submaximal exercise (\~40%VO2max) followed by a self-paced 2-mile treadmill time trial. Lastly, they will complete three experimental trials, repeating the same submaximal and time-trial exercise procedures while breathing the test gas (0%, 2%, or 4% CO2-all with normal 21% oxygen). During the experimental trials, arterialized capillary blood samples will be collected at rest breathing room air, at rest breathing the test gas, and during submaximal exercise at 40% VO2max breathing the test gas. The primary outcome is 2-mile treadmill time-trial performance. Secondary outcomes include ventilation, metabolic rate, heart rate, arterialized capillary pH/PCO2/HCO3, perceived exertion, dyspnea, leg discomfort, breathing descriptors, and headache ratings.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
15
Inclusion Criteria
  • Male or female, age 18-45
  • In good health as determined by medical screening
  • Passed his/her most recent Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) (Military Volunteers Only) or performs aerobic exercise at least 2 times per week and able to complete two mile run in ≤ 21 minutes (Civilian Volunteers)
  • Willing to not participate in any exercise or drink alcoholic beverages for 24 hours before each study visit.
  • Willing to not take part in any strenuous exercise in the 36 hours before each visit.
  • Willing not to drink caffeine or eat food until after testing on familiarization and performance testing visits (visits 2-6).
  • Willing to maintain a similar dietary pattern in the 2 days before each familiarization and performance visits.
  • Have supervisor approval if permanent party military or a federal employee at U.S. Army Natick Soldier System Center
  • Able to speak and read English fluently
Exclusion Criteria
  • Females who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant during the study
  • Taking dietary supplements, prescriptions, or over the counter medication, other than a contraceptive (unless approved by medical staff & PI)
  • Musculoskeletal injuries that compromise ability to run on a treadmill
  • Abnormal blood count, presence of abnormal blood chemicals (hemoglobin S or sickle cell traits)
  • Smokers or tobacco/nicotine users (unless have quit > 1 month prior)
  • Any history of asthma
  • Current or recent respiratory tract or sinus infections (< 1 month prior)
  • Allergy to skin adhesive
  • Any history of migraine or recurrent headaches
  • Any history of panic disorder
  • Blood donation in the previous 8 weeks
  • Positive Covid-19 test within the last month

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
CROSSOVER
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
2% CO2Inspired gasInspired gas containing 2% CO2, 21% O2, balance N2
4% CO2Inspired gasInspired gas containing 4% CO2, 21% O2, balance N2
0% CO2Inspired gasInspired gas containing 0% CO2, 21% O2, balance N2
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
2 mile self-paced treadmill time trial performance30 minutes

Time to complete self-paced 2 mile treadmill time trial (min:sec)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Arterialized capillary pH30 minutes

Arterialized capillary pH will be assessed using a blood gas analyzer \[Unitless\]

Arterialized capillary pCO230 minutes

Arterialized capillary pCO2 will be assessed using a blood gas analyzer \[mmHg\]

Rating of perceived exertion30 minutes

Rating of perceived exertion will be assessed using Borg's 6-20 scale \[AU\]

Ventilation rate30 minutes

Ventilation rate will be assessed using a pneumotachometer \[L/min\]

Dyspnea30 minutes

Rating of perceived dyspnea will be assessed using Borg's 0-10 scale \[AU\]

Headache30 minutes

Headache will be assessed using a visual analog scale \[AU\]

Breathing descriptors30 minutes

Breathing descriptors will be assessed by having participants check statements that apply to their breathing (e.g., breathing out requires more effort) \[unitless\]

Oxygen consumption30 minutes

Oxygen consumption will be assessed using computerized indirect calorimetry \[ml/kg/min\]

Heart rate30 minutes

Heart rate will be assessed using telemetry \[beats per min\]

Arterialized capillary HCO330 minutes

Arterialized capillary HCO3 will be assessed using a blood gas analyzer \[mEq/L\]

Leg discomfort30 minutes

Rating of perceived leg discomfort will be assessed using Borg's 0-10 scale \[AU\]

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

USARIEM

🇺🇸

Natick, Massachusetts, United States

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