Impact of Sleep Restriction on Performance in Adults

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Sleep; Sleep Restriction; Obesity
• Interventions: Behavioral: Sleep Restriction (SR)

• Registration Number: NCT02960776
• Lead Sponsor: Columbia University

Brief Summary

The overall goal of this project is to look at the effects of long-term, sustained sleep restriction (SR) in adults, and assess the effects on mood and cognitive and physical performance.

Detailed Description

Chronic Sleep Restriction (SR) is highly prevalent in today's modern society. Artificial light, portable electronic devices, and 24-h services have allowed individuals to remain active throughout the night, leading to reductions in sleep duration. SSD has been linked to obesity and our laboratory has been interested in establishing whether sleep could be a causal factor in the etiology of obesity. Given the increasing prevalence of obesity over the past 5 decades, coinciding with the marked reduction in sleep duration, further exploration into the role of sleep as a risk factor for obesity could provide additional ammunition in the fight to prevent further increases in the incidence of obesity.

This study will be a randomized, crossover, outpatient SR study with 2 phases of 6 weeks each, with a 6 week wash-out period between the phases. Sleep duration in each phase will be the participant's regular bed- and wake times during the habitual sleep (HS) phase and HS minus 1.5 hours in the SR phase. During the HS phase, participants will be asked to follow a fixed bedtime routine based on their screening sleep schedule. During the SR phase, participants will be asked to keep their habitual wake time constant but delay their bedtime to achieve a reduction of 1.5 hours in total sleep time.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2016-11-01
• Study First Submitted: 2016-11-07
• Study First Submitted QC: 2016-11-08
• Study First Posted: 2016-11-10
• Primary Completion: 2022-12-14
• Study Completion: 2022-12-14
• Results First Submitted: 2024-03-28
• Results First Submitted QC: 2024-06-13
• Results First Posted: 2024-07-09
• Status Verified: 2024-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-11-12
• Last Update Posted: 2024-12-03

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 45

Inclusion Criteria

• BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2
• Have at least one obese parent
• Habitually sleep 7-9 hours a night
• Free of any current and past sleep and psychiatric disorders, including eating disorders, diabetes or Cardiovascular disease (CVD) (i.e., normal scores on: Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep Questionnaire Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Berlin Questionnaire, Sleep Disorders Inventory Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Composite Scale of Morningness/Eveningness, Three Factor Eating Questionnaire)
• All racial/ethnic groups

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Exclusion Criteria

• Smokers (any cigarettes or ex-smoker < 3 years)
• Neurological, medical or psychiatric disorder
• Diabetics
• Eating and/or sleep disorders
• Contraindications for MRI scanning
• Travel across time zones within 4 weeks
• History of drug and alcohol abuse
• Shift worker (or rotating shift worker)
• Caffeine intake > 300 mg/d
• Heavy equipment operators
• Commercial long-distance drivers

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Sleep Restriction (SR)	Sleep Restriction (SR)	Participants will be asked to keep their habitual wake time constant but delay their bedtime to achieve a reduction of 1.5 hours in total sleep time during the sleep restriction (SR) phase.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Endpoint Fat Volume	Week 6 (endpoint)	Body composition (specifically fat volume) will be measured by MRI at baseline and endpoint.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Neuropeptide Y	6 weeks	Average post-baseline values
Sedentary Behavior	Average over 6 weeks (measured daily)	Time spent in sedentary physical activity.
Leptin	6 weeks	Average post-baseline values
Glucagon-like Peptide 1	6 weeks	Average post-baseline values
Orexin	6 weeks	Average post-baseline values
Energy Expenditure (EE)	Measured over 14 days at the end of each phase (weeks 5 and 6; endpoint)	EE is the amount of energy (or calories) that a person needs to carry out physical functions and will be assessed using Doubly Labeled Water (DLW), during the last 2 weeks of each sleep phase.
Physical Activity	Average over 6 weeks (measured daily)	Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
Ghrelin	6 weeks	Average post-baseline values
Regional Brain Activation in Response to Food Stimuli	Week 6	The primary aim of this outcome was to investigate brain activation in response to food stimuli after a six-week period of Adequate Sleep (AS) or mild Sleep Restriction (SR). To achieve this, the investigators contrasted neuronal responses to food and non-food stimuli at two time points (baseline and six weeks post-intervention/control). This contrast allowed the investigators to calculate the number of voxels activated during the view of food stimuli compared to the number of voxels activated during the view of non-food stimuli (food - non-food) under each condition (AS or SR).; Regional brain activation is reported as the total number of voxels activated on the group contrast images (combination of all analyzed participants) of the neuronal response to food stimuli compared to non-food stimuli. For this analysis, voxels were considered activated if they survived Gaussian Random Field theory correction with a 2-tailed p \< 0.001 threshold when creating the group contrast images.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center; 🇺🇸 New York, New York, United States