A Study of the Drugs Selumetinib Versus Carboplatin/Vincristine in Patients With Neurofibromatosis and Low-Grade Glioma
- Conditions
- Neurofibromatosis Type 1Visual Pathway GliomaLow Grade Glioma
- Interventions
- Procedure: Magnetic Resonance ImagingOther: Quality-of-Life AssessmentOther: Questionnaire Administration
- Registration Number
- NCT03871257
- Lead Sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Brief Summary
This phase III trial studies if selumetinib works just as well as the standard treatment with carboplatin/vincristine (CV) for subjects with NF1-associated low grade glioma (LGG), and to see if selumetinib is better than CV in improving vision in subjects with LGG of the optic pathway (vision nerves). Selumetinib is a drug that works by blocking some enzymes that low-grade glioma tumor cells need for their growth. This results in killing tumor cells. Drugs used as chemotherapy, such as carboplatin and vincristine, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. It is not yet known whether selumetinib works better in treating patients with NF1-associated low-grade glioma compared to standard therapy with carboplatin and vincristine.
- Detailed Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To determine whether the efficacy of treatment with selumetinib sulfate (selumetinib) as measured by event-free survival (EFS) is non-inferior to treatment with carboplatin/vincristine sulfate (vincristine) (CV) in previously untreated neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-associated low-grade glioma (LGG).
II. To determine whether visual acuity (VA) using Teller acuity cards (TAC), in patients with NF1-associated LGG within the optic pathway, is better in those treated with selumetinib compared to CV.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To estimate tumor response rates and overall survival (OS) in each treatment regimen in previously untreated NF1-associated LGG.
II. To evaluate VA outcomes utilizing HOTV letter acuity testing in previously untreated NF1-associated LGG within the optic pathway in patients who are old enough to perform visual acuity testing utilizing HOTV (a recognition acuity measure).
III. To describe the improvement in motor function as measured by the Vineland scale in patients with previously untreated NF1-associated LGG that have documented motor deficits at enrollment.
IV. To prospectively evaluate and compare the quality of life among patients treated with selumetinib or CV.
V. To prospectively evaluate and compare the cognitive, social, emotional, and behavioral functioning of patients with NF1-associated LGG treated with either selumetinib or CV.
EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:
I. To evaluate optical coherence tomography (OCT) measures of retinal axon and ganglion cell thickness as a marker of treatment response in previously untreated NF1-associated LGG within the optic pathway.
II. To compare novel, semi-automated volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures to traditional measurements of treatment response (bi-dimensional MRI measurements) in NF1-associated optic pathway tumors.
III. To obtain paired blood and tumor tissue to be banked for future NF1-LGG biology studies involving comprehensive molecular analysis, including but not limited to whole exome and ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing.
OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms.
ARM I:
INDUCTION: Patients receive carboplatin intravenously (IV) over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 43, 50, 57, and 64 and vincristine IV on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial.
MAINTENANCE: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each cycle and vincristine IV on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 6 weeks for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial.
ARM II: Patients receive selumetinib sulfate orally (PO) twice daily (BID) on days 1-28 of each cycle. Treatment is continuous and cycles repeat every 28 days for 27 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up with MRIs and physical exams every 3 months for 1 year, every 6 months for 2 years, and then once yearly for up to 10 years.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 165
-
Patients must be >= 2 years and =< 21 years at the time of enrollment
-
Patients must have a body surface area (BSA) of >= 0.5 m^2 at enrollment
-
Patients must have neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) based on clinical criteria and/or germline genetic testing
-
Patients must be newly diagnosed or have previously diagnosed NF-1 associated LGG that has not been treated with any modality other than surgery
-
For patients with optic pathway gliomas (OPGs):
-
Newly-diagnosed patients with OPG are eligible if there are neurologic symptoms (including visual dysfunction, as defined below) or other exam findings associated with the tumor
-
Previously-diagnosed patients with OPG are eligible if they have new or worsening neurologic symptoms (including visual dysfunction, as defined below) or have tumor growth
-
For both newly-diagnosed and previously-diagnosed OPG, the patient may be eligible, irrespective of whether there has been tumor growth or other neurological symptoms or worsening, if they meet at least one of the following visual criteria:
- Visual worsening, defined as worsening of visual acuity (VA) or visual fields (VF) documented within the past year (by examination or history); OR
- Significant visual dysfunction (defined as VA worse than normal for age by 0.6 logMAR [20/80, 6/24, or 2.5/10] or more in one or both eyes)
-
-
For patients with LGG in other locations (i.e., not OPGs):
-
Newly-diagnosed patients with LGG are eligible if there are neurologic symptoms or other exam findings associated with the tumor
- NOTE: Newly-diagnosed patients with LGG without associated neurologic symptoms or exam findings are not eligible
-
Previously-diagnosed patients with LGG are eligible if they have new or worsening neurologic symptoms or have tumor growth
-
-
Although not required, if a biopsy/tumor resection is performed, eligible histologies will include all tumors considered LGG or low-grade astrocytoma (World Health Organization [WHO] grade I and II) by 5th edition WHO classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors with the exception of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma
-
Patients must have two-dimensional measurable tumor >= 1 cm^2
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Patients with metastatic disease or multiple independent primary LGGs are allowed on study
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Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration Rate (GFR) >= 70 mL/min/1.73 m^2 OR a serum creatinine based on age/sex (within 7 days prior to enrollment) as follows:
- Age; maximum serum creatinine (mg/dL)
- 2 to < 6 years; 0.8 (male) and 0.8 (female)
- 6 to < 10 years; 1 (male) and 1 (female)
- 10 to < 13 years; 1.2 (male) and 1.2 (female)
- 13 to < 16 years; 1.5 (male) and 1.4 (female)
- >= 16 years; 1.7 (male) and 1.4 (female)
-
Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age (within 7 days prior to enrollment) (children with a diagnosis of Gilbert's syndrome will be allowed on study regardless of their total and indirect [unconjugated] bilirubin levels as long as their direct [conjugated] bilirubin is < 3.1 mg/dL)
-
Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) =< 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN) = 135 U/L (within 7 days prior to enrollment). For the purpose of this study, the ULN for SGPT is 45 U/L
-
Albumin >= 2 g/dL (within 7 days prior to enrollment)
-
Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >= 53% (or institutional normal; if the LVEF result is given as a range of values, then the upper value of the range will be used) by echocardiogram (within 4 weeks prior to enrollment)
-
Corrected QT (QTc) interval =< 450 msec by electrocardiography (EKG) (within 4 weeks prior to enrollment)
-
Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,000/uL (unsupported) (within 7 days prior to enrollment)
-
Platelets >= 100,000/uL (unsupported) (within 7 days prior to enrollment)
-
Hemoglobin >= 8 g/dL (may be supported) (within 7 days prior to enrollment)
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Patients with a known seizure disorder should be stable and should have not experienced a significant increase in seizure frequency within 2 weeks prior to enrollment
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Patients 2-17 years of age must have a blood pressure that is =< 95th percentile for age, height, and sex at the time of enrollment. Patients >= 18 years of age must have a blood pressure =< 130/80 mmHg at the time of enrollment (with or without the use of antihypertensive medications).
- Note: Adequate blood pressure can be achieved using medication for the treatment of hypertension
-
All patients must have ophthalmology toxicity assessments performed within 8 weeks prior to enrollment
-
For all patients, an MRI of the brain (with orbital cuts for optic pathway tumors) and/or spine (depending on the site(s) of primary disease) with and without contrast must be performed within 8 weeks prior to enrollment
-
For patients who undergo a surgery on the target tumor (not required), a pre- and post-operative* MRI of the brain (with orbital cuts for optic pathway tumors) or spine (depending on the site(s) of primary disease) with and without contrast must also be performed. The post-operative MRI must be performed within 4 weeks prior to enrollment. If only a biopsy is performed, a post-operative MRI is not required and the pre-operative (op) MRI within 8 weeks of enrollment will be used as the baseline scan
- The post-operative MRIs should be performed ideally within 48 hours after surgery if possible
-
Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1, or 2. Use Karnofsky for patients > 16 years of age and Lansky for patients =< 16 years of age
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Patients must have the ability to swallow whole capsules
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Patients must have receptive and expressive language skills in English, Spanish or French to complete the quality of life (QOL) and neurocognitive assessments
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All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent.
-
All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met.
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Patients must not have received any prior tumor-directed therapy including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or bone marrow transplant. Prior surgical intervention is permitted
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Patients with a concurrent malignancy or history of treatment (other than surgery) for another tumor within the last year are ineligible
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Patients may not be receiving any other investigational agents
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Patients with any serious medical or psychiatric illness/ condition, including substance use disorders likely in the judgement of the investigator to interfere or limit compliance with study requirements/treatment are not eligible
-
Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, are not able to comply with the study procedures are not eligible
-
Female patients who are pregnant are not eligible since fetal toxicities and teratogenic effects have been noted for several of the study drugs. A pregnancy test is required for female patients of childbearing potential
-
Lactating females who plan to breastfeed their infants are not eligible
-
Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation and for 12 weeks after stopping study therapy are not eligible
- Note: Women of child-bearing potential and males with sexual partners who are pregnant or who could become pregnant (i.e., women of child-bearing potential) should use effective methods of contraception for the duration of the study and for 12 weeks after stopping study therapy to avoid pregnancy and/or potential adverse effects on the developing embryo
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Cardiac conditions:
- Known genetic disorder that increases risk for coronary artery disease. Note: The presence of dyslipidemia in a family with a history of myocardial infarction is not in itself an exclusion unless there is a known genetic disorder documented
- Symptomatic heart failure
- New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV prior or current cardiomyopathy
- Severe valvular heart disease
- History of atrial fibrillation
-
Ophthalmologic conditions:
-
Current or past history of central serous retinopathy
-
Current or past history of retinal vein occlusion or retinal detachment
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Patients with uncontrolled glaucoma
- If checking pressure is clinically indicated, patients with intraocular pressure (IOP) > 22 mmHg or ULN adjusted by age are not eligible
-
Ophthalmological findings secondary to long-standing optic pathway glioma (such as visual loss, optic nerve pallor, or strabismus) or longstanding orbito-temporal plexiform neurofibroma (PN), such as visual loss, strabismus) will NOT be considered a significant abnormality for the purposes of the study
-
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Treatments and/or medications patient is receiving that would make her/him ineligible, such as:
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Supplementation with vitamin E greater than 100% of the daily recommended dose. Any multivitamin containing vitamin E must be stopped prior to study enrollment even if less than 100% of the daily recommended dosing for vitamin E
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Surgery within 2 weeks prior to enrollment, with the exception of surgical placement for vascular access or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diverting procedures such as endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt.
- Note: Patients must have healed from any prior surgery prior to enrollment
-
-
Patients who have an uncontrolled infection are not eligible
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Arm I (carboplatin, vincristine) Carboplatin INDUCTION: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 43, 50, 57, and 64 and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. MAINTENANCE: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each cycle and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 6 weeks for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. Arm I (carboplatin, vincristine) Magnetic Resonance Imaging INDUCTION: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 43, 50, 57, and 64 and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. MAINTENANCE: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each cycle and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 6 weeks for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. Arm I (carboplatin, vincristine) Quality-of-Life Assessment INDUCTION: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 43, 50, 57, and 64 and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. MAINTENANCE: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each cycle and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 6 weeks for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. Arm I (carboplatin, vincristine) Questionnaire Administration INDUCTION: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 43, 50, 57, and 64 and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. MAINTENANCE: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each cycle and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 6 weeks for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. Arm I (carboplatin, vincristine) Vincristine Sulfate INDUCTION: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 43, 50, 57, and 64 and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. MAINTENANCE: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each cycle and vincristine IV or IV push over 1 minute on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 6 weeks for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. Arm II (selumetinib sulfate) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Patients receive selumetinib sulfate PO BID on days 1-28 of each cycle. Treatment is continuous and cycles repeat every 28 days for 27 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. Arm II (selumetinib sulfate) Quality-of-Life Assessment Patients receive selumetinib sulfate PO BID on days 1-28 of each cycle. Treatment is continuous and cycles repeat every 28 days for 27 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. Arm II (selumetinib sulfate) Questionnaire Administration Patients receive selumetinib sulfate PO BID on days 1-28 of each cycle. Treatment is continuous and cycles repeat every 28 days for 27 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial. Arm II (selumetinib sulfate) Selumetinib Sulfate Patients receive selumetinib sulfate PO BID on days 1-28 of each cycle. Treatment is continuous and cycles repeat every 28 days for 27 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo MRI throughout the trial.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Event-free survival (EFS) From randomization to the first occurrence of any of the following events: clinical or radiographic disease progression, disease recurrence, second malignant neoplasm, or death from any cause, assessed up to 3 years after accrual completion EFS is defined as time from randomization to the first occurrence of any of the following events: clinical or radiographic disease progression, disease recurrence, second malignant neoplasm, or death from any cause. Patients who are event-free will be censored at the time of last follow-up. Will estimate the hazard ratio based on a stratified Cox proportional hazards model and use Kaplan Meier (KM) methods to visualize and summarize the data.
Number of participants with visual acuity (VA) improvement per arm Baseline and end of about 12 months of treatment VA will be assessed using Teller acuity cards (TAC). A significant improvement in VA will be defined as a decrease of \>= 0.2 logMAR (corrected for age) from baseline (pre-treatment baseline) to end of about 12 months of treatment. The primary analysis will be based on per subject outcome (rather than per eye).
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in motor function Baseline and approximately 12 months of treatment The Vineland-3 Motor Scale from the Comprehensive Parent Rating Form will be used to assess motor deficits. Change in Vineland motor scale from baseline to about 12 months of treatment will be compared between two treatment arms.
Change in quality of life (QOL) Baseline and 12 months of treatment Will be measured by Movement and Balance subscale score. QOL will be assessed by Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) Generic and Brain Tumor modules. Analysis will be based on a 2-sample t-test comparing change in Movement and Balance subscale score from baseline to 12 months for the two arms.
Change in executive function Baseline and 24 months of treatment Will be measured by BRIEF Cognitive Regulation Index (CRI). Executive function will be measured by age-appropriate Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) questionnaire. Analysis will be based on a 2-sample t-test comparing change in the designated score from baseline to 24 months for the two arms.
Change in neurocognitive function Baseline and 24 months of treatment Will be measured by Cogstate composite score. Neurocognitive function will be measured by a computerized battery (Cogstate) testing. Analysis will be based on a 2-sample t-test comparing change in Cogstate composite score from baseline to 24 months for the two arms.
Radiographic tumor response rate Assessed up to 3 years after accrual completion Tumors will be classified into complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD). Radiologic response rates will be summarized per arm and be tested for a difference between the two arms using an exact binomial test.
Overall survival (OS) From randomization until death from any cause or till the time of last follow-up for patients who are alive at the time of analysis, assessed up to 3 years after accrual completion OS is defined as the time from randomization until death from any cause or till the time of last follow-up for patients who are alive at the time of analysis. Will use the KM methods, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards models to determine whether there is a difference in OS between the two arms.
Change in VA using HOTV letter acuity testing Baseline and end of about 12 months of treatment HOTV is a recognition acuity measure. It will be conducted on patients who are developmentally able to perform this testing.
Trial Locations
- Locations (262)
University of Florida Health Science Center - Gainesville
🇺🇸Gainesville, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Orlando, Florida, United States
University of Illinois
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
🇺🇸Bethesda, Maryland, United States
C S Mott Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
Children's Hospital of Michigan
🇺🇸Detroit, Michigan, United States
Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute
🇺🇸Detroit, Michigan, United States
Corewell Health Grand Rapids Hospitals - Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States
Corewell Health Children's
🇺🇸Royal Oak, Michigan, United States
Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis
🇺🇸Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
University of Minnesota/Masonic Cancer Center
🇺🇸Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
🇺🇸Rochester, Minnesota, United States
University of Mississippi Medical Center
🇺🇸Jackson, Mississippi, United States
University of Missouri Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Columbia, Missouri, United States
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
🇺🇸Kansas City, Missouri, United States
Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center
🇺🇸Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
Washington University School of Medicine
🇺🇸Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
Children's Hospital and Medical Center of Omaha
🇺🇸Omaha, Nebraska, United States
University of Nebraska Medical Center
🇺🇸Omaha, Nebraska, United States
Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Cancer Center
🇺🇸Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
Morristown Medical Center
🇺🇸Morristown, New Jersey, United States
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
🇺🇸New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
Presbyterian Hospital
🇺🇸Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
University of New Mexico Cancer Center
🇺🇸Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
Albany Medical Center
🇺🇸Albany, New York, United States
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
🇺🇸Buffalo, New York, United States
The Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York
🇺🇸New Hyde Park, New York, United States
Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone
🇺🇸New York, New York, United States
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
🇺🇸New York, New York, United States
University of Rochester
🇺🇸Rochester, New York, United States
State University of New York Upstate Medical University
🇺🇸Syracuse, New York, United States
New York Medical College
🇺🇸Valhalla, New York, United States
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute
🇺🇸Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
Duke University Medical Center
🇺🇸Durham, North Carolina, United States
East Carolina University
🇺🇸Greenville, North Carolina, United States
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
🇺🇸Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
Sanford Broadway Medical Center
🇺🇸Fargo, North Dakota, United States
Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron
🇺🇸Akron, Ohio, United States
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
🇺🇸Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital
🇺🇸Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Nationwide Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Columbus, Ohio, United States
Dayton Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Dayton, Ohio, United States
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
🇺🇸Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Legacy Emanuel Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Portland, Oregon, United States
Oregon Health and Science University
🇺🇸Portland, Oregon, United States
Geisinger Medical Center
🇺🇸Danville, Pennsylvania, United States
Penn State Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
🇺🇸Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Saint Christopher's Hospital for Children
🇺🇸Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
🇺🇸Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Rhode Island Hospital
🇺🇸Providence, Rhode Island, United States
Medical University of South Carolina
🇺🇸Charleston, South Carolina, United States
Prisma Health Richland Hospital
🇺🇸Columbia, South Carolina, United States
BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center
🇺🇸Greenville, South Carolina, United States
East Tennessee Childrens Hospital
🇺🇸Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital
🇺🇸Memphis, Tennessee, United States
Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center
🇺🇸Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas
🇺🇸Austin, Texas, United States
UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
🇺🇸Dallas, Texas, United States
El Paso Children's Hospital
🇺🇸El Paso, Texas, United States
Cook Children's Medical Center
🇺🇸Fort Worth, Texas, United States
Baylor College of Medicine/Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸Houston, Texas, United States
M D Anderson Cancer Center
🇺🇸Houston, Texas, United States
Covenant Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Lubbock, Texas, United States
UMC Cancer Center / UMC Health System
🇺🇸Lubbock, Texas, United States
Children's Hospital of San Antonio
🇺🇸San Antonio, Texas, United States
Methodist Children's Hospital of South Texas
🇺🇸San Antonio, Texas, United States
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
🇺🇸San Antonio, Texas, United States
Primary Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
University of Vermont and State Agricultural College
🇺🇸Burlington, Vermont, United States
Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters
🇺🇸Norfolk, Virginia, United States
Virginia Commonwealth University/Massey Cancer Center
🇺🇸Richmond, Virginia, United States
Carilion Children's
🇺🇸Roanoke, Virginia, United States
Seattle Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Seattle, Washington, United States
Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Spokane, Washington, United States
Mary Bridge Children's Hospital and Health Center
🇺🇸Tacoma, Washington, United States
Madigan Army Medical Center
🇺🇸Tacoma, Washington, United States
University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital
🇺🇸Madison, Wisconsin, United States
Children's Hospital of Wisconsin
🇺🇸Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
IWK Health Centre
🇨🇦Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Hospital for Sick Children
🇨🇦Toronto, Ontario, Canada
The Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC
🇨🇦Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
🇨🇦Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke-Fleurimont
🇨🇦Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
HIMA San Pablo Oncologic Hospital
🇵🇷Caguas, Puerto Rico
Children's Hospital of Alabama
🇺🇸Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Banner Children's at Desert
🇺🇸Mesa, Arizona, United States
Phoenix Childrens Hospital
🇺🇸Phoenix, Arizona, United States
Arkansas Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
Loma Linda University Medical Center
🇺🇸Loma Linda, California, United States
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
🇺🇸Los Angeles, California, United States
Kaiser Permanente-Oakland
🇺🇸Oakland, California, United States
Children's Hospital of Orange County
🇺🇸Orange, California, United States
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University
🇺🇸Palo Alto, California, United States
Rady Children's Hospital - San Diego
🇺🇸San Diego, California, United States
Naval Medical Center -San Diego
🇺🇸San Diego, California, United States
UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay
🇺🇸San Francisco, California, United States
Children's Hospital Colorado
🇺🇸Aurora, Colorado, United States
Connecticut Children's Medical Center
🇺🇸Hartford, Connecticut, United States
Yale University
🇺🇸New Haven, Connecticut, United States
Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
🇺🇸Wilmington, Delaware, United States
Children's National Medical Center
🇺🇸Washington, District of Columbia, United States
Golisano Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida
🇺🇸Fort Myers, Florida, United States
Memorial Regional Hospital/Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Hollywood, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville
🇺🇸Jacksonville, Florida, United States
Nicklaus Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Miami, Florida, United States
AdventHealth Orlando
🇺🇸Orlando, Florida, United States
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children
🇺🇸Orlando, Florida, United States
Sacred Heart Hospital
🇺🇸Pensacola, Florida, United States
Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Arthur M Blank Hospital
🇺🇸Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children
🇺🇸Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Boise
🇺🇸Boise, Idaho, United States
Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States
University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
🇺🇸Springfield, Illinois, United States
Riley Hospital for Children
🇺🇸Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Ascension Saint Vincent Indianapolis Hospital
🇺🇸Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Blank Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Des Moines, Iowa, United States
University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸Iowa City, Iowa, United States
University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center
🇺🇸Lexington, Kentucky, United States
Norton Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Louisville, Kentucky, United States
Children's Hospital New Orleans
🇺🇸New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Ochsner Medical Center Jefferson
🇺🇸New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Eastern Maine Medical Center
🇺🇸Bangor, Maine, United States
Maine Children's Cancer Program
🇺🇸Scarborough, Maine, United States
Johns Hopkins University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center
🇺🇸Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
🇺🇸Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
🇺🇸Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Children's Hospital of Alabama
🇺🇸Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Banner Children's at Desert
🇺🇸Mesa, Arizona, United States
Phoenix Childrens Hospital
🇺🇸Phoenix, Arizona, United States
Arkansas Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
Loma Linda University Medical Center
🇺🇸Loma Linda, California, United States
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
🇺🇸Los Angeles, California, United States
Kaiser Permanente-Oakland
🇺🇸Oakland, California, United States
Children's Hospital of Orange County
🇺🇸Orange, California, United States
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University
🇺🇸Palo Alto, California, United States
Rady Children's Hospital - San Diego
🇺🇸San Diego, California, United States
Naval Medical Center -San Diego
🇺🇸San Diego, California, United States
UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay
🇺🇸San Francisco, California, United States
Children's Hospital Colorado
🇺🇸Aurora, Colorado, United States
Connecticut Children's Medical Center
🇺🇸Hartford, Connecticut, United States
Yale University
🇺🇸New Haven, Connecticut, United States
Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
🇺🇸Wilmington, Delaware, United States
Children's National Medical Center
🇺🇸Washington, District of Columbia, United States
Golisano Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida
🇺🇸Fort Myers, Florida, United States
University of Florida Health Science Center - Gainesville
🇺🇸Gainesville, Florida, United States
Memorial Regional Hospital/Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Hollywood, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville
🇺🇸Jacksonville, Florida, United States
Nicklaus Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Miami, Florida, United States
AdventHealth Orlando
🇺🇸Orlando, Florida, United States
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children
🇺🇸Orlando, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Orlando, Florida, United States
Sacred Heart Hospital
🇺🇸Pensacola, Florida, United States
Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States
Saint Joseph's Hospital/Children's Hospital-Tampa
🇺🇸Tampa, Florida, United States
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Arthur M Blank Hospital
🇺🇸Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children
🇺🇸Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Boise
🇺🇸Boise, Idaho, United States
Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States
University of Illinois
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States
University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
🇺🇸Springfield, Illinois, United States
Riley Hospital for Children
🇺🇸Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Ascension Saint Vincent Indianapolis Hospital
🇺🇸Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Blank Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Des Moines, Iowa, United States
University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸Iowa City, Iowa, United States
University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center
🇺🇸Lexington, Kentucky, United States
Norton Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Louisville, Kentucky, United States
Children's Hospital New Orleans
🇺🇸New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Ochsner Medical Center Jefferson
🇺🇸New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Eastern Maine Medical Center
🇺🇸Bangor, Maine, United States
Maine Children's Cancer Program
🇺🇸Scarborough, Maine, United States
Johns Hopkins University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center
🇺🇸Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
🇺🇸Bethesda, Maryland, United States
Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
🇺🇸Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
🇺🇸Boston, Massachusetts, United States
C S Mott Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
Children's Hospital of Michigan
🇺🇸Detroit, Michigan, United States
Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute
🇺🇸Detroit, Michigan, United States
Corewell Health Grand Rapids Hospitals - Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States
Corewell Health Children's
🇺🇸Royal Oak, Michigan, United States
Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis
🇺🇸Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
University of Minnesota/Masonic Cancer Center
🇺🇸Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
🇺🇸Rochester, Minnesota, United States
University of Mississippi Medical Center
🇺🇸Jackson, Mississippi, United States
University of Missouri Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Columbia, Missouri, United States
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
🇺🇸Kansas City, Missouri, United States
Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center
🇺🇸Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
Washington University School of Medicine
🇺🇸Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
Children's Hospital and Medical Center of Omaha
🇺🇸Omaha, Nebraska, United States
University of Nebraska Medical Center
🇺🇸Omaha, Nebraska, United States
Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Cancer Center
🇺🇸Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
Morristown Medical Center
🇺🇸Morristown, New Jersey, United States
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
🇺🇸New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
Presbyterian Hospital
🇺🇸Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
University of New Mexico Cancer Center
🇺🇸Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
Albany Medical Center
🇺🇸Albany, New York, United States
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
🇺🇸Buffalo, New York, United States
The Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York
🇺🇸New Hyde Park, New York, United States
Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone
🇺🇸New York, New York, United States
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
🇺🇸New York, New York, United States
University of Rochester
🇺🇸Rochester, New York, United States
State University of New York Upstate Medical University
🇺🇸Syracuse, New York, United States
New York Medical College
🇺🇸Valhalla, New York, United States
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute
🇺🇸Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
Duke University Medical Center
🇺🇸Durham, North Carolina, United States
East Carolina University
🇺🇸Greenville, North Carolina, United States
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
🇺🇸Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
Sanford Broadway Medical Center
🇺🇸Fargo, North Dakota, United States
Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron
🇺🇸Akron, Ohio, United States
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
🇺🇸Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital
🇺🇸Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Nationwide Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Columbus, Ohio, United States
Dayton Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Dayton, Ohio, United States
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
🇺🇸Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Legacy Emanuel Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Portland, Oregon, United States
Oregon Health and Science University
🇺🇸Portland, Oregon, United States
Geisinger Medical Center
🇺🇸Danville, Pennsylvania, United States
Penn State Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
🇺🇸Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Saint Christopher's Hospital for Children
🇺🇸Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
🇺🇸Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Rhode Island Hospital
🇺🇸Providence, Rhode Island, United States
Medical University of South Carolina
🇺🇸Charleston, South Carolina, United States
Prisma Health Richland Hospital
🇺🇸Columbia, South Carolina, United States
BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center
🇺🇸Greenville, South Carolina, United States
East Tennessee Childrens Hospital
🇺🇸Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital
🇺🇸Memphis, Tennessee, United States
Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center
🇺🇸Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas
🇺🇸Austin, Texas, United States
UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
🇺🇸Dallas, Texas, United States
El Paso Children's Hospital
🇺🇸El Paso, Texas, United States
Cook Children's Medical Center
🇺🇸Fort Worth, Texas, United States
Baylor College of Medicine/Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸Houston, Texas, United States
M D Anderson Cancer Center
🇺🇸Houston, Texas, United States
Covenant Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Lubbock, Texas, United States
UMC Cancer Center / UMC Health System
🇺🇸Lubbock, Texas, United States
Children's Hospital of San Antonio
🇺🇸San Antonio, Texas, United States
Methodist Children's Hospital of South Texas
🇺🇸San Antonio, Texas, United States
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
🇺🇸San Antonio, Texas, United States
Primary Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
University of Vermont and State Agricultural College
🇺🇸Burlington, Vermont, United States
Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters
🇺🇸Norfolk, Virginia, United States
Virginia Commonwealth University/Massey Cancer Center
🇺🇸Richmond, Virginia, United States
Carilion Children's
🇺🇸Roanoke, Virginia, United States
Seattle Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Seattle, Washington, United States
Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Spokane, Washington, United States
Mary Bridge Children's Hospital and Health Center
🇺🇸Tacoma, Washington, United States
Madigan Army Medical Center
🇺🇸Tacoma, Washington, United States
University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital
🇺🇸Madison, Wisconsin, United States
Children's Hospital of Wisconsin
🇺🇸Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
British Columbia Children's Hospital
🇨🇦Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
IWK Health Centre
🇨🇦Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Hospital for Sick Children
🇨🇦Toronto, Ontario, Canada
The Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC
🇨🇦Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
🇨🇦Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke-Fleurimont
🇨🇦Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
HIMA San Pablo Oncologic Hospital
🇵🇷Caguas, Puerto Rico