Value of Liquid Potassium Magnesium Citrate in Controlling Hypertension

Phase 2

Completed

• Conditions: Hypertension
• Interventions: Drug: Potassium chloride powder; Drug: Potassium citrate powder; Drug: Potassium magnesium citrate powder; Drug: Placebo

• Registration Number: NCT01682837
• Lead Sponsor: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Brief Summary

Liquid potassium-magnesium citrate (KMgCit) as a pharmaceutical formulation will lower blood pressure among patients with pre- or Stage I hypertension on their customary diet.

Detailed Description

In this protocol, the investigators want to explore whether KMgCit taken during a customary dietary setting, might serve as a "surrogate" for the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to lower blood pressure. This study has obvious biomedical importance. Lifestyle modifications are often recommended for pre- or Stage I hypertension. The DASH diet is such a modification that has been shown to be effective. However, this diet is costly and difficult to adhere to long-term. If KMgCit were shown to be effective in lowering blood pressure, it would provide a safe and convenient alternative to the DASH diet.

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2012-09-04
• Study First Submitted QC: 2012-09-07
• Study First Posted: 2012-09-11
• Study Start: 2012-10
• Primary Completion: 2015-03
• Study Completion: 2015-03
• Results First Submitted: 2016-09-22
• Status Verified: 2017-03
• Results First Submitted QC: 2017-03-17
• Last Update Submitted: 2017-03-17
• Results First Posted: 2017-04-28
• Last Update Posted: 2017-04-28

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 35

Inclusion Criteria

• Men or women > 21 years of age
• Any Race/Ethnicity
• Pre- or Stage I hypertension (BP >= 120/80 and <= 159/99)

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Exclusion Criteria

• Diabetes mellitus
• Renal impairment (serum creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL)
• Any heart diseases such as congestive heart failure or sustained arrhythmia
• Chronic NSAID use
• Treatment with diuretics
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) requiring treatment with acid reducing agents or antacid more than once a week
• Esophageal-gastric ulcer
• Chronic diarrhea
• Hyperkalemia (serum > 4.6 meq/L for patients on angiotension-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), serum K > 5.0 meq/L for patient not on ACE inhibitors or ARBs)
• Abnormal liver function test (aspartate transaminase (AST) or alanine transaminase (ALT) above upper limit of normal range)
• Subjects who require any potassium supplement on a regular basis from any reasons
• Pregnancy
• History of major depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
KMgCit, KCit, Placebo, KCl	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCit, Placebo, KCl	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCit, KCl, Placebo	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate (KMgCit) powder, Potassium Citrate (KCit) powder, Potassium Chloride (KCl) powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCl, Placebo, KCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, Placebo, KCit, KCl	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCit, KCl, Placebo	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate (KMgCit) powder, Potassium Citrate (KCit) powder, Potassium Chloride (KCl) powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCit, KCl, Placebo	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate (KMgCit) powder, Potassium Citrate (KCit) powder, Potassium Chloride (KCl) powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCit, Placebo, KCl	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCl, KCit, Placebo	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCl, KCit, Placebo	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCl, Placebo, KCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, Placebo, KCit, KCl	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCit, KCl, Placebo	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate (KMgCit) powder, Potassium Citrate (KCit) powder, Potassium Chloride (KCl) powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCit, Placebo, KCl	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCl, KCit, Placebo	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, Placebo, KCl, KCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KMgCit, KCl, Placebo	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KCl, KMgCit, Placebo	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KCl, KMgCit, Placebo	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCit, KCl, KMgCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCl, Placebo, KCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCl, Placebo, KCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, Placebo, KCit, KCl	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, Placebo, KCit, KCl	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, Placebo, KCl, KCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, Placebo, KMgCit, KCl	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KMgCit, KCit, KCl	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCl, KMgCit, KCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, KCl, KCit, Placebo	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, Placebo, KCl, KCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KMgCit, Placebo, KCl	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KCl, KMgCit, Placebo	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KCl, Placebo, KMgCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KCl, Placebo, KMgCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, Placebo, KCl, KMgCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KMgCit, Placebo, KCl, KCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KMgCit, KCl, Placebo	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KMgCit, Placebo, KCl	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KCl, KMgCit, Placebo	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KCl, Placebo, KMgCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, Placebo, KCl, KMgCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, Placebo, KCl, KMgCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KMgCit, KCl, Placebo	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KMgCit, KCl, Placebo	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KMgCit, Placebo, KCl	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KMgCit, Placebo, KCl	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, KCl, Placebo, KMgCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, Placebo, KMgCit, KCl	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, Placebo, KMgCit, KCl	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KCit, KMgCit, Placebo	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KCit, KMgCit, Placebo	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KCit, Placebo, KMgCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, Placebo, KMgCit, KCl	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCit, Placebo, KCl, KMgCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KMgCit, KCit, Placebo	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KMgCit, Placebo, KCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KMgCit, Placebo, KCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, Placebo, KMgCit, KCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, Placebo, KCit, KMgCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KMgCit, KCl, KCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KMgCit, KCl, KCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KMgCit, KCit, Placebo	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KMgCit, KCit, Placebo	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KCit, Placebo, KMgCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KCit, Placebo, KMgCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, Placebo, KCit, KMgCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KMgCit, KCit, KCl	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCit, KMgCit, KCl	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCit, KMgCit, KCl	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KMgCit, KCit, Placebo	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KMgCit, Placebo, KCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KMgCit, Placebo, KCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KCit, KMgCit, Placebo	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KCit, KMgCit, Placebo	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Placebo. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, KCit, Placebo, KMgCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCit, KMgCit, KCl	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCit, KCl, KMgCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCl, KMgCit, KCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, Placebo, KMgCit, KCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, Placebo, KMgCit, KCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, Placebo, KMgCit, KCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, Placebo, KCit, KMgCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
KCl, Placebo, KCit, KMgCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Potassium Chloride powder, Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KMgCit, KCit, KCl	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KMgCit, KCit, KCl	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KMgCit, KCl, KCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KMgCit, KCl, KCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCit, KMgCit, KCl	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCit, KCl, KMgCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCit, KCl, KMgCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCl, KMgCit, KCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCl, KMgCit, KCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder, Potassium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCl, KCit, KMgCit	Potassium magnesium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCl, KCit, KMgCit	Potassium chloride powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCl, KCit, KMgCit	Placebo	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.
Placebo, KCl, KCit, KMgCit	Potassium citrate powder	Participants who received study drug in the order: Placebo, Potassium Chloride powder, Potassium Citrate powder, Potassium Magnesium Citrate powder. Study medications were taken twice daily after dissolution in 250 ml water. Each phase was followed by at least 1 week of washout.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
24-hour Average Diastolic Blood Pressure	4 weeks	The average diastolic blood pressure over a 24 hour period.
24-hour Average Systolic Blood Pressure	4 weeks	This is the average systolic blood pressure over a 24 hour period.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Serum C-terminal Telopeptide (CTX)	4 weeks
24-hour Urinary Calcium	4 weeks of treatment
Office Diastolic Blood Pressure	4 weeks
Central Aortic Systolic Blood Pressure	4 weeks
Central Aortic Diastolic Blood Pressure	4 weeks
Office Systolic Blood Pressure	4 weeks
Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity	4 weeks

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hypertension Clinic - UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas; 🇺🇸 Dallas, Texas, United States