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Adult Dengue Platelet Study

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Dengue Fever
Interventions
Procedure: Platelet transfusion
Other: Supportive care
Registration Number
NCT01030211
Lead Sponsor
Tan Tock Seng Hospital
Brief Summary

Retrospective data in children with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), and in adults with dengue fever (DF), suggested a lack of benefit from prophylactic platelet transfusion for severe thrombocytopenia in dengue patients without bleeding. However, in Taiwan and Singapore, platelet transfusion was given to 13-50% of hospitalised dengue patients. This is a prospective randomised study to examine the safety and efficacy of prophylactic platelet transfusion in adults with dengue and severe thrombocytopenia without bleeding.

The hypotheses are:

1. Prophylactic platelet transfusion is safe in hospitalised dengue patients with severe thrombocytopenia.

2. Prophylactic platelet transfusion is effective in preventing bleeding in hospitalised dengue patients with severe thrombocytopenia.

Detailed Description

Patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, and giving informed consent, will be randomised to a treatment arm of 4 units of platelets for every day they have a platelet count \<20x10\^3/uL, or a control arm with supportive care. Patients will be followed up daily till hospital discharge, and again at day 21.

It is assumed that the incidence of bleeding from randomization to Day 7 or discharge, whichever earlier, is 10% for the control (no transfusion) group and 5% for the intervention (transfusion) group. With 1:1 allocation ratio, to attain 80% power and one-sided 5% type I error rate, the required number of subjects in each arm is 382 by a Chi-square test with Yates' continuity correction. If a drop-out rate of 5% is allowed, the required number increases to approximately 400 per arm.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
372
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Age ≥ 21years

  2. Probable or confirmed dengue

    a) Confirmed dengue: laboratory confirmation of acute dengue by either i) positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for viral ribonucleic acid (RNA), or ii)positive NS1 antigen test with a compatible clinical syndrome b) Probable dengue: Positive acute dengue serology and clinical presentation fulfilling either WHO 1997 or 2009 criteria for probable dengue.

    i) 1997 criteria: Acute febrile illness and two or more of the following:

    • headache,
    • retro-orbital pain,
    • myalgia,
    • arthralgia,
    • rash,
    • hemorrhagic manifestations,
    • leucopoenia ii) 2009 criteria: Fever and two of the following:
    • nausea/vomiting,
    • rash,
    • aches/pains,
    • positive tourniquet test,
    • leucopoenia,
    • one or more warning sign
    • abdominal pain/tenderness,
    • persistent vomiting,
    • clinical fluid accumulation,
    • mucosal bleed,
    • lethargy/restlessness,
    • liver enlargement >2cm,
    • increase in haematocrit concurrent with rapid decrease in platelet count
  3. Platelets ≤ 20x103/μL

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Platelet transfusionPlatelet transfusion4 units of platelets for patients with platelet count \<20x10\^3/uL
Supportive careSupportive careNo platelet transfusion for patients with platelet count \<20x10\^3/uL
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Clinical bleeding excluding petechiae with a subgroup analysis for severe clinical bleeding.5 years
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Changes in cytokines5 years
Secondary bacterial infection5 years
Length of stay5 years
DHF/DSS5 years
Time to platelet > 50 x 10^3/uL5 years
Plasma leakage5 years
Adverse events from transfusion5 years
Platelet increment post-transfusion5 years
Death5 years
ICU admission5 years

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore General Hospital, Changi General Hospital

🇸🇬

Singapore, Singapore

University Malaya Medical Centre

🇲🇾

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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