Presepsin:Gelsolin Ratio in Sepsis-related Organ Dysfunction

Completed

• Conditions: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Septic Shock; Sepsis; Acute Kidney Injury Due to Sepsis
• Interventions: Other: Sepsis-related organ dysfunction therapy; Other: Sepsis therapy; Other: Supportive therapy at the ICU

• Registration Number: NCT05060679
• Lead Sponsor: University of Pecs

Brief Summary

In the present study, 126 patients were enrolled (23 control, 38 non-septic and 65 septic patients). Blood samples were collected from septic patients at the intensive care unit (ICU) at three time points (T1-3): T1: within 12h after admission; T2: second day morning; T3: third day morning. Sampling points for non-septic ICU patients were T1 and T3. Exclusion criteria were patients under 18 years of age, unobtainable consent, end-stage renal disease requiring chronic dialysis or kidney transplantation and patients with malignancies needing palliative care. Not more than one sample (venous blood) was collected from control patients. Plasma presepsin levels were determined by an automated chemiluminescence-based Point of Care instrument while serum gelsolin levels were measured using an automated immune turbidimetric assay. Plasma presepsin concentrations were expressed as pg/mL, while serum gelsolin levels were expressed as mg/L. Data were compared with laboratory and clinical parameters. Patients were categorized by the Sepsis-3 definitions and 10-day mortality data were investigated. Presepsin:gelsolin ratio was evaluated in major sepsis-related organ dysfunctions including hemodynamic disturbances, respiratory insufficiency and acute kidney injury (AKI).

Detailed Description

Presepsin is the 13-kDa soluble N-terminal fragment of the 55-kDa cluster of differentiation (CD) marker protein CD14, which is the receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-binding protein complexes. CD14 is a glycoprotein expressed mostly on the membrane surface of macrophages, monocytes and granulocytes which is released and degraded during inflammation after the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP), thus probably resulting in earlier elevation of plasma presepsin (PSEP) levels than the conventional sepsis biomarkers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin). There is a growing body of evidence indicating increasing PSEP levels as kidney function decreases (e.g. during chronic kidney disease or sepsis-related AKI). Gelsolin (GSN) is a multifunctional protein existing in three different isoforms. Secreted or plasma GSN (MW = 83 kDa) is an essential component of the so-called extracellular actin scavenger system, therefore, decreasing serum GSN levels were reported in various clinical conditions (e.g. severe sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), extensive trauma, acute liver failure, myocardial infarction). As albumin levels also tend to decrease in severe catabolic conditions, the simultaneous measurement of PSEP and GSN could prove to be useful regarding the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis and sepsis-related organ dysfunction. Therefore, a new potential marker was investigated: the presepsin:gelsolin (PSEP:GSN) ratio. The main focuses of this study were analyzing the time course of PSEP:GSN ratio in non-septic and septic patients, while also investigating its diagnostic and prognostic utility in various sepsis-related organ dysfunctions in contrast to the conventional sepsis markers and clinical prognostic scores.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2018-01-01
• Primary Completion: 2020-02-29
• Study Completion: 2020-02-29
• Study First Submitted: 2021-09-18
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-09-18
• Study First Posted: 2021-09-29
• Status Verified: 2022-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-03-23
• Last Update Posted: 2022-04-04

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 126

Inclusion Criteria

• Non-septic patients needing ICU supportive treatment after major surgical interventions
• Sepsis
• Sepsis-related organ dysfunction (e.g. acute kidney injury, hemodynamic instability, acute respiratory distress syndrome)

Exclusion Criteria

• under 18 years of age
• unobtainable consent
• end-stage renal disease
• kidney transplantation
• malignancies needing palliative care

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Sepsis-related organ dysfunction	Sepsis-related organ dysfunction therapy	Patients receive sepsis therapy and advanced supportive treatment based on the occurrence of specific sepsis-related organ dysfunctions.
Sepsis	Sepsis therapy	Patients receive sepsis therapy.
Non-sepsis	Supportive therapy at the ICU	Non-septic patients receive supportive treatment at the ICU.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Plasma Presepsin concentrations	3 days	Plasma samples were centrifuged (10 min, 1500 g), then sample aliquots were stored without preservatives at -70 °C until analysis. Plasma presepsin levels were measured using an automated Point of Care instrument (PATHFAST; LSI Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) based on a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay.
Serum gelsolin concentrations	3 days	Clotted blood samples were centrifuged (10 min, 1500 g), then sample aliquots were stored without preservatives at -70 °C until analysis. Serum gelsolin levels were determined with an automated immune turbidimetric assay (Cobas 8000/c502 module (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany)).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Presepsin:gelsolin ratios	5 days	Plasma presepsin levels were determined by an automated Point of Care instrument, while serum gelsolin concentrations were measured using an immune turbidimetric assay, therefore Presepsin:gelsolin ratios could be calculated.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical School, University of Pécs; 🇭🇺 Pécs, Baranya, Hungary