Cortical Processing of Proprioception Related to Pitching Performance in Baseball Players With Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 98
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Active joint reposition test
研究概览
简要总结
The current study aims to characterize the cortical activity and proprioceptive acuity in baseball players with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD). Additionally, the correlations between cortical activity, proprioceptive acuity, and pitching performance will be examined. The evaluation of proprioception will be conducted using the active joint reposition sense of the shoulder. Simultaneously, the investigators will record cortical activity by electroencephalography (EEG). To represent pitching performance, the investigators will collect ball velocity and pitching accuracy. This will help the investigators understand the process of proprioception in the central nervous system, as well as factors associated with pitching performance in baseball players with GIRD.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 15 Years 至 40 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •playing baseball for at least one year
- •still active in training or competition
- •frequency of training or games should be at least 3 hours per week
排除标准
- •current dominant upper extremities pain
- •a history of upper extremities surgical interventions or fractures or dislocation or degenerative joint disease
- •cervical radiculopathy within 6 months
- •lower extremities injury or surgery within the current 6 months
- •Visual analog scale (VAS) > 5 during movement in the experiment
结局指标
主要结局
Active joint reposition test
时间窗: baseline
Participants will mimic the pitching motion with reducing the influence from the lower limb by kneeling the knee and hip of the nondominant side 90° and their foot are flat on the ground. They will be blindfolded, with their non-throwing hand resting on the thigh. The reproducing arm-cocking and ball-release positions will be tested at random sequences for six trials, respectively. Results or feedback regarding the accuracy of individual trials will not be provided at any time. The acuity of active joint reposition will be calculated by 3-dimensional variable error scores for scapulothoracic (internal-external rotation, upward-downward rotation, posterior-anterior tilt) and glenohumeral (internal-external rotation, horizontal abduction-adduction, abduction-adduction) joint 55. Three-dimensional variable error scores (3DVE) reflect acuity (measured in degrees) in all planes of motion measured for individual joints.
Pitching performance
时间窗: baseline
Pitching performance will be collected by radar gun (JUGS company, Tualatin, OR, USA) and digital camera (JVC GC-PX100B, Yokohama, Japan) for ball velocity and pitching location, respectively. Participants will pitch on a mound 18.44 m away from the home plate. The target will be aligned with the theoretical line extending from the right edge of the home plate at a height of approximately 30 cm above the ground. After warming up at their own pace, each participant throws 30 game-like effort pitches in three 10-pitch sessions without specific instruction on focusing their attention. The fastest velocity of 10 pitches will be collected for analysis.
次要结局
- Shoulder range of motion(baseline)
- Humeral retrotorsion(baseline)
- Acromiohumeral distance(baseline)
- Rotator cuff thickness(baseline)
- Posterior capsule thickness(baseline)
- Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow score (KJOC)(baseline)
- Posterior capsule elasticity(baseline)