Acute Physiological Response to Exercise in Athletes Selected According to Candidate Gene Polymorphisms Associated With Endurance Phenotype
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 入组人数
- 500
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Genetic markers associated with endurance performance
研究概览
简要总结
Athlete status is a heritable trait that could be explained with a number of potentially important DNA polymorphisms contributing to predisposition to success in certain types of sport.
The first aim of the study is to determine the genetic profile of Slovenian athletes. The associations of 30 common gene polymorphisms with aerobic and anaerobic athlete status will be investigated as a single and polygenic profile.
The second aim is to investigate the impact of the genetic variants contributing to different acute response to low vs. high intensity exercise. Physiological and biochemical measurements will be carried out. Variability in physiological adaptation in response to exercise will provides an opportunity to study the relationship between the molecular response to exercise and the extent of physiological changes in athletes. Currently, it is not yet clear whether different genetic variant associated with exercise responses remains uniform, with different exercise intensities, structure and duration of exercise.
详细描述
Slovenian athletes (n = 300; 18-40 years) of regional or national competitive standard will be recruited from the endurance oriented and power oriented sports disciplines. Healthy unrelated individuals without any competitive sport experience will serve as controls (n= 200; 18-40 years). After completing the questionnaire (for athletes: covering demographics, geographic ancestry, sports classification, discipline, and history, as well as frequency and volume of training; for control group: demographics, geographic ancestry habits of daily living), genotyping analyses will be performed. The athletes and controls will be genotyped for 30 candidate gene polymorphisms considered likely to influence endurance performance. Molecular genetic analysis will be performed with DNA samples obtained from the capillary whole blood. Genotyping for 30 gene polymorphisms will be performed by Real-Time PCR on LightCycler® 96 Instrument (Roche) and KASP (Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR) genotyping technology.
In addition, 40 athletes with endurance genetic variant will be selected to participate in the acute exercise study. In order to investigate the acute effects of low and high intensity exercise the concentration of circulating myokines will be measured.
Three distinct experimental sessions scheduled 96 h apart, at the same time of the day and in random order will be applied to this sub-group of athletes.
In the first session, aerobic power will be determined using an incremental test to exhaustion on a cycling ergometer (Velodyn, Racermate ™, USA). Oxygen consumption (VO2) will be determined breath by breath using a Quark gas analysis system (Quark, Cosmed, Rim, Italy). The interventions during the other two experimental session will consist of cycling exercise with continuous 60 min cycling at 50% PPO (low intensity), and 8 x 5 min at 80% PPO (between intervals 1.5 min at 75 W) exercise (high intensity).
The participants will be asked to follow the prescribed diet regime, to avoid the intake of alcohol and to not perform any physical activity in the 24 hours prior to the experimental sessions. The experimental sessions will be performed from 8 to 11 am, in random order and scheduled 96 h apart.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 40 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Slovenian residents
- •Healthy individuals
- •endurance athlete (categorization: world, international, national or youth class)
- •power athlete (categorization: world, international, national or youth class)
排除标准
- •corticosteroids
- •hormone therapy
研究组 & 干预措施
High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)
High intensity interval exercise on the cycling ergometer (Velodyn, Racermate ™, USA).
Protocol: 8 x 5 min at 80% PPO (between intervals 1.5 min at 75 W). Baseline measurements will include the V̇O2peak test and peak power output. Monitoring of physiological responses with spirometry and analysis of expired air (oxygen and carbon dioxide output) (Quark, Cosmed, Rim, Italy).
干预措施: High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) (Other)
Low Intensity Continuous Training
Low intensity continuous exercise on the cycling ergometer (Velodyn, Racermate ™, USA).
Protocol: continuous 60 min cycling at 50% PPO. Baseline measurements will include the V̇o2peak test and peak power output. Monitoring of physiological responses with spirometry and analysis of expired air (oxygen and carbon dioxide output) (Quark, Cosmed, Rim, Italy).
干预措施: Low Intensity Continuous Training (Other)
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
In the first part the Case-control study design will be used to estimate the association between multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the endurance/power athlete status.
干预措施: SNP (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Genetic markers associated with endurance performance
时间窗: 12 weeks
Comparing the frequencies of the alleles of the candidate genes between endurance athletes and opposite cohorts (controls, power athletes).
次要结局
- Concentration of circulating myokines(12 weeks)
研究者
Nejc Sarabon
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sc.
University of Primorska