Naltrexone-induced Blockade of Neural Responses Induced by Fast-Acting Antidepressant Effects
试验速览
- 阶段
- 4 期
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 25
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- BOLD Responses in the rACC Cortex During the Processing of Contextual Cues at Baseline (Post-placebo)
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this study is to determine whether antidepressant placebo effects and contextual cues broadly, can be blocked by one single dose of the µ-opioid antagonist naltrexone. To test this hypothesis, un-medicated, patients with MDD completed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study of 50mg of the µ-opioid antagonist naltrexone or matching placebo, immediately before a Pharmaco-fMRI scanning session.
详细描述
Neuroimaging offers a precise and objective way to characterize the neural and molecular basis of the antidepressant response in humans. Furthermore, the combination of neuroimaging with pharmacological manipulations opens the possibility of investigating drug-induced brain changes associated with behavioral responses.
In this study, the investigators aimed to whether antidepressant placebo effects and contextual cues broadly can be blocked by one single dose of the µ-opioid antagonist naltrexone. To assess trial by trial manipulation of antidepressant placebo effects inside of the scanner, the investigators have developed and piloted an fMRI task, specifically designed to record and modulate mood improvement using simulated neurofeedback. In a pilot study using this task, patients with MDD who reported acute mood improvement in response to positive neurofeedback, showed increased blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses in the ACC, and in particular, the rostral ACC (rACC), a reliable marker of treatment response in depression, and analgesic effects. In summary, these preliminary studies demonstrate 1) the contribution of the opioid system to the formation of antidepressant effects in MDD; and 2) increased rACC BOLD responses in patients who reported acute mood improvement induced by positive neurofeedback after a fast-acting antidepressant.
Still, the opioid modulation of acute mood improvement and rACC BOLD responses in patients with MDD has not been investigated, which justifies the research proposed in this application. Based on this preliminary evidence, The investigators hypothesize that antidepressant effects in patients with Major Depression rely on opioid modulation of rACC activity, and therefore can be partially or totally blocked using the selective µ-opioid antagonist naltrexone.To test this hypothesis, 20 un-medicated, patients with MDD completed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study of 50mg of the µ-opioid antagonist naltrexone or matching placebo, immediately before a Pharmaco-fMRI scanning session. The study aims to:
AIM 1: Evaluate the effect of naltrexone on acute mood improvement and rostral anterior cingulate (rACC) BOLD activity induced by positive neurofeedback after a fast-acting antidepressant. The investigators hypothesize that naltrexone-induced blockade of µ-opioid receptors will reverse the acute mood improvement and increased rACC BOLD activity induced by positive neurofeedback.
AIM 2: Determine the extent to which individual differences in the rACC BOLD activity induced by positive neurofeedback after a fast-acting antidepressant predict acute mood improvement. The investigators hypothesize that increased rACC BOLD activity induced by positive neurofeedback will be associated with greater acute mood improvement.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Investigator)
盲法说明
Double-blinded
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 55 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Adults, age 18-55 years; fluent in English and with the capacity to understand the nature of the study and sign the written informed consent since the research instruments used in this study are not available in other languages;
- •Written informed consent obtained;
- •Outpatients with a current primary diagnosis of nonpsychotic Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) per the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I) with or without certain anxiety disorders (e.g., generalized anxiety, panic, agoraphobia, social phobia, and specific phobia); HDRS-17 score of ≥ 16 at Screening Visit;
- •No more than one failed antidepressant trial of adequate dose and duration, as defined by the Massachusetts General Hospital Antidepressant Treatment Response Questionnaire (MGH-ATRQ);
- •Participants will need to be antidepressant medication-free for at least 21 days prior to the collection of imaging data (five weeks for fluoxetine). However, individuals currently taking antidepressants will not be eligible to enroll in the study, even if they are willing to stop their medications.
排除标准
- •Currently taking opioid analgesics or in acute opioid withdraw.
- •Pregnant or breastfeeding or plan to become pregnant over the duration of the study;
- •History (lifetime) of psychotic depressive, schizophrenic, bipolar (I, II, or NOS), schizoaffective, or other Axis I psychotic disorders;
- •Meeting M.I.N.I. criteria for substance dependence in the last 6 months, except for nicotine, or substance abuse in the last 2 months;
- •Requiring immediate hospitalization for psychiatric disorder or have an unstable general medical condition (GMC) that will likely require hospitalization or to be deemed terminal (life expectancy < 6 months after study entry);
- •Requiring medications for their GMCs that contraindicate treatment with naltrexone;
- •Having epilepsy or other conditions requiring an anticonvulsant;
- •Receiving or have received during the current episode vagus nerve stimulation, ECT, or rTMS.
- •Currently taking any psychiatric medication or other potential augmenting agents (e.g., T3 in the absence of thyroid disease, lithium, buspirone); Taking thyroid medication for hypothyroidism may be included only if they have been stable on the thyroid medication for 3 months;
- •Receiving therapy that is depression specific, such as CBT or Interpersonal Psychotherapy of Depression (participants can participate if they are receiving psychotherapy that is not targeting the symptoms of depression, such as supportive therapy, marital therapy);
- •Currently actively suicidal or considered a high suicide risk;
- •Currently enrolled in another study, and participation in that study contraindicates participation in this study;
- •Any reason not listed herein yet, determined by the site PI and research staff that makes participation in the study hazardous.
- •Having any contraindication for the performance of an MRI, such as: the presence of metal implants or foreign metallic objects (e.g., braces or extensive dental work), severe claustrophobia, or inability to tolerate the scanning procedures.
研究组 & 干预措施
Naltrexone, then placebo
Naltrexone is thought to strongly block μ-opioid receptors. Oral (pill) opioid antagonist which will be used to modulate neural responses during the Contextual Framing and the Antidepressant fMRI Task.
干预措施: Naltrexone 50 Mg Oral Tablet (Drug)
Naltrexone, then placebo
Naltrexone is thought to strongly block μ-opioid receptors. Oral (pill) opioid antagonist which will be used to modulate neural responses during the Contextual Framing and the Antidepressant fMRI Task.
干预措施: Placebo oral tablet (Drug)
Placebo, then naltrexone
In the naltrexone condition, participants will receive one tablet of 50mg Naltrexone hydrochloride.
干预措施: Naltrexone 50 Mg Oral Tablet (Drug)
Placebo, then naltrexone
In the naltrexone condition, participants will receive one tablet of 50mg Naltrexone hydrochloride.
干预措施: Placebo oral tablet (Drug)
结局指标
主要结局
BOLD Responses in the rACC Cortex During the Processing of Contextual Cues at Baseline (Post-placebo)
时间窗: [Approximately at day 1, 7]
In order to identify the neural correlates of contextual processing, we examined changes in blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal during the post-placebo fMRI scanning session.
Naltrexone-induced Changes in BOLD Responses in the rACC Cortex During the Processing of Contextual Cues (Placebo vs. Naltrexone)
时间窗: [Approximately at day 1, 7]
In order to identify naltrexone-induced changes in the neural correlates of contextual processing, we examined changes in blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) during the fMRI scanning session between Naltrexone vs. placebo pill.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Marta Peciña, MD PhD
Assistant Professor
University of Pittsburgh