Effect of Stretching Exercises Versus Aerobic Exercises on Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia increases maternal morbidity and mortality since the 1980s, Studies from the World Health Organization also showed an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke with history of hypertension in pregnancy. In addition to this increased risk of thrombosis, there is also increased morbidity and mortality associated specifically with stroke in these women. PE lead to preterm delivery and increase neonatal morbidity such as Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), Risk of Fet al Demise/Stillbirth, and infants have a nine times greater incidence of respiratory distress syndrome than full-term neonate.

Medical treatments of preeclampsia . have a lot of side effects on mother and fetus. So, we are going to study more effective noninvasive therapy methods to prevent and decrease the risk of PE. In this randomized controlled study (RCT).

Several studies have explored the impact of exercise on the management and prevention of preeclampsia:

The Effect of Maternal Exercise Program on Fet al Growth in Pre-Eclampsia: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial investigated the impact of a structured maternal exercise program on fet al growth in women diagnosed with preeclampsia. The findings suggested that regular, supervised exercise could positively influence fet al growth parameters in this cases. Impact of Exercise Training on Preeclampsia: Potential Preventive Mechanisms This review examined the potential mechanisms through which exercise training might reduce the risk of developing preeclampsia. The authors discussed how regular physical activity could improve endothelial function, reduce oxidative stress, and modulate immune responses, thereby potentially lowering preeclampsia risk. Aerobic Exercise Training in Formerly Preeclamptic Women: Effects on Venous Reserve In this study, they examined the effects of aerobic exercise training on venous reserves in 24 normotensive formerly preeclamptic women and 20 controls. Before and after 12-week aerobic exercise training, they demonstrate that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training effectively improves venous reserve capacity in postpartum women. An umbrella review by Martínez highlighted that prenatal exercise can lead to systolic blood pressure (SBP) reductions of about 9.6 mmHg, alongside significant reductions in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) - with substantial evidence quality. In 2023 a meta-analysis of 14 RCTs (2010-2023) confirmed that prenatal physical activity reduces the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders by 56% and lowers SBP by 2.64 mmHg and DBP by 1.99 mmHg. More specifically, a meta-analysis focusing on aerobic and resistance training showed that while exercise didn't significantly change BP in low-risk pregnancies, in at-risk women it reduced SBP by 3.91 mmHg and DBP by 2.9 mmHg.

Another meta-analysis of 18 RCTs reported overall mean reductions of SBP by 3.19 mmHg and DBP by 2.14 mmHg in exercising pregnant women compared to controls.