Comparison of the Effectiveness of Stretching and Strengthening Exercises on Pain, Functional Status, Range of Motion and Psychosocial Factors in Patients With Frozen Shoulder
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Not yet recruiting
- Sponsor
- Istanbul University
- Enrollment
- 56
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- NPRS
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of stretching and strengthening exercises on pain, functional status, range of motion and psychosocial factors in patients with frozen shoulder.
Detailed Description
Frozen shoulder is a common disorder characterized by spontaneous shoulder pain, progressive inflammation and fibrosis of the joint capsule and loss of both active and passive glenohumeral range of motion.Exercise reduces pain, increases range of motion and function in patients with frozen shoulder. When investigators examine the literature, stretching and strengthening exercises are frequently encountered in the content of multimodal exercise programs applied clinically and at home in frozen shoulder. However, they have not been compared in isolation. Stretching is known to increase flexibility, while strengthening is often used to increase strength capacity and hypertrophy.Both exercise methods produce mechanical tension, known as a factor that stimulates anabolic metabolism and increases protein synthesis.Therefore, the aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of stretching and strengthening exercises on pain, functional status, range of motion and psychosocial factors in patients with frozen shoulder.According to the power analysis result, 56 patients will be randomized into two groups (Group 1 =28, Group 2=28). The treatment will last for a total of 6 weeks and the follow-up period will be 6 weeks. Group 1 will be included in the program consisting of stretching exercises only. Patients will receive a 6-week rehabilitation program consisting of 18 sessions of stretching exercises (3 times a week) under the supervision of a physiotherapist. Group 2 will be included in the program consisting of strengthening exercises only. Patients will receive a 6-week rehabilitation program consisting of 18 sessions of strengthening exercises (3 times per week) under the supervision of a physiotherapist. The primary outcomes are the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (Quick DASH) and the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), while the secondary outcomes are the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Evaluation (ASES), Shoulder range of motion, Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BFI-SF) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS).
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- Single (Participant)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 40 Years to 65 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Being between the ages of 40-65
- •Clinical and radiologic diagnosis of unilateral primary frozen shoulder
- •Being in frozen shoulder stages 2 and 3
- •Having an ROM of less than 50% in one or more directions of shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation compared to the unaffected shoulder
- •Giving informed consent and volunteering
- •To have the ability to understand evaluation scales
Exclusion Criteria
- •Neurological, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular disease
- •Those with severe mental illness or impaired consciousness
- •Upper extremity fractures and tumors
- •Rheumatic disease
- •Pathologies of cervical origin
- •Untreated shoulder trauma
- •Severe osteoporosis
- •Previous treatment for the current complaint (physiotherapy and rehabilitation, intra-articular injection, surgery)
Arms & Interventions
Group 1-Stretching Group
Exercise program consisting of supervised stretching exercises
Intervention: Stretching Exercises (Procedure)
Group 2-Strengthening Group
Exercise program consisting of supervised strengthening exercises
Intervention: Strengthening Exercises (Procedure)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
NPRS
Time Frame: baseline, after 6 weeks and 6 weeks follow up
Numeric Pain Rating Scale: The pain was measured using a NPRS. Patients are asked to rate their pain ranging from 0 to 10 (0: no pain, 10: the worst pain imaginable)
Quick DASH
Time Frame: baseline, after 6 weeks and 6 weeks follow up
Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand: The Quick DASH is a 11-item questionnaire used to assess upper limb functionality. The score ranges from 0 (no disability) to 100 (most severe disability).
Secondary Outcomes
- ASES(baseline, after 6 weeks and 6 weeks follow up)
- Shoulder Range of Motion (ROM)(baseline, after 6 weeks and 6 weeks follow up)
- BPI-SF(baseline, after 6 weeks and 6 weeks follow up)
- PCS(baseline, after 6 weeks and 6 weeks follow up)
Investigators
Derya Celik
Professor
Istanbul University