Treatment of Acute Hepatitis C Virus in HIV Co-Infection

Phase 4

Completed

• Conditions: HIV Infections; Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Hepatitis C
• Interventions: Drug: Pegylated interferon alfa-2a + Ribavirin

• Registration Number: NCT00845676
• Lead Sponsor: University of California, San Francisco

Brief Summary

This study is designed to test the hypothesis that treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection during the first 6 months after acquiring HCV among people who already have pre-existing HIV infection will result in improved responses to HCV therapy with a shorter duration of infection.

Detailed Description

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the most important causes of illness and death among people living with HIV/AIDS. Over 200,000 people in the Unites States, including 37,000 in California, are co-infected with HIV and HCV. In the past, people who had both HIV and HCV often died from AIDS before HCV could cause serious problems. However, with improvements in HIV/AIDS care and treatment, more co-infected people are living longer and thus developing complications from their HCV, including liver scarring (called cirrhosis) and death. HCV infection can also make HIV medications more toxic to the liver, limiting HIV treatment options. Treatment for chronic (or long-term) HCV infection has improved in recent years, but people with HIV are still about half as likely to clear their chronic HCV infection with treatment as HIV-negative individuals. Also, HCV treatment can be very toxic and may have serious side effects for patients, particularly those with HIV.

Recent research suggests that treatment started within the first few months after getting HCV infection (called "acute infection") can result in high treatment response rates for people who do not have HIV. It is not known whether similarly high treatment response rates can also be seen in people with HIV. It has also been shown that each individual's response to the early phases of HCV treatment can predict his or her ability to clear HCV infection after the end of treatment. This study will look at whether it is possible to follow each person's own HCV viral load over time as a measure of treatment success and to tailor each individual's treatment to his or her own response. This idea is called "kinetically guided therapy" and is a new way of individualizing treatment regimen to produce high treatment success rates while minimizing the amount of potentially toxic medications that an individual might not need.

In this pilot study, 20 HIV-infected individuals with acute HCV infection will be treated with HCV therapy for 24 weeks. Because HIV co-infection decreases treatment success in chronic HCV infection, treatment will be started with the strong combination of pegylated-interferon plus ribavirin. However, this protocol will monitor each individual's HCV viral load during the first 12 weeks of treatment and will stop the ribavirin at week 12 if the individual has a good early response and might not need to continue both medications. Using this approach, pegylated interferon will be given for the full 24 weeks of treatment, but ribavirin will be continued for either 12 or 24 weeks, depending on each individual's early response to therapy. The primary endpoint for this study is the percentage of people who have a sustained virologic response to the study treatment. The side effects of treatment will also be measured in order to determine the overall risks and benefits of this approach to treatment.

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2008-03
• Study First Submitted: 2009-02-17
• Study First Submitted QC: 2009-02-17
• Study First Posted: 2009-02-18
• Primary Completion: 2010-12
• Results First Submitted: 2013-08-13
• Results First Submitted QC: 2013-08-13
• Results First Posted: 2013-10-17
• Study Completion: 2013-12
• Status Verified: 2020-05
• Last Update Submitted: 2020-05-14
• Last Update Posted: 2020-05-18

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 21

Inclusion Criteria

• Newly acquired HCV infection of 6 months or less duration
• Detectable HCV RNA at study entry
• HIV infection, any CD4 count

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Exclusion Criteria

• Pregnant or intent to become pregnant within 24 weeks of study completion
• Uncontrolled depression
• Other serious liver disease
• Other safety parameters must be met

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Pegylated interferon alfa-2a + Ribavirin	Pegylated interferon alfa-2a + Ribavirin	Pegylated interferon alfa-2a + Ribavirin

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Sustained Virologic Response (SVR)	24 weeks	Proportion of subjects achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR), defined as undetectable HCV RNA 24-weeks after completion of treatment

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Safety and Tolerability of Treatment	48 weeks	Number of participants with treatment-associated problems
Association of SVR With Entry HCV RNA, Entry ALT, Entry CD4, and IL28B Genotype	24 weeks	Predictors of SVR, including early HCV RNA response to treatment as they relate to SVR

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

San Francisco General Hospital/UCSF; 🇺🇸 San Francisco, California, United States