Development of Virtual Reality-based Interventions to Strengthen Cognitive Skillsets Related to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Pilot Phase I and Randomized Controlled Phase II Trial
Overview
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Sponsor
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- Enrollment
- 219
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- ADHD-RS-5 inattention sub-scale.
- Status
- Recruiting
- Last Updated
- 5 months ago
Overview
Brief Summary
Background:
Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often have cognitive problems. It may be hard for them to control their behaviors, concentrate for long periods, or make decisions. This can affect their education, friendships, and daily life. Virtual reality-based games may help improve cognitive skills in children with ADHD. It may also help change how the brain functions.
Objective:
To see if virtual reality-based games help improve thinking skills and brain function in children with ADHD.
Eligibility:
Children aged 8 to 16 years with ADHD.
Design:
We will first do a pilot study, meaning that everyone will receive the games. If this is successful, we will then conduct a randomized controlled trial, meaning that some participants will be randomly assigned to the full version of the games and some will be randomly assigned to a limited version. Participants will be screened. Their physical and mental health, medical and family history, and intellectual and emotional development will be evaluated. They will have tests of their mood, memory, attention, thinking, and behavior. Blood or saliva may be collected. Participants may have an MRI scan of the brain.
Participants will receive a set of virtual reality games. The set includes 4 different games all played using a virtual reality headset. The participant will play the games for 20 minutes 5 days a week for 4 weeks.
The parent or caregiver will start each game using an iPad. Each of the games is designed to help the participant practice specific cognitive skills. These include inhibition control, processing speed, temporal information processing, and working memory.
Participants will have interviews each week. They will answer questions about motion sickness, eye strain, headache, and any other side effects, as well as number of game sessions played.
Blood or saliva tests and the MRI may be repeated after the last game session. For the pilot, participants will have a final interview at the study end. For the full trial, a 1-month follow-up visit will be done by telehealth.
Detailed Description
Study Description: This study will be a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial examining the efficacy of a novel virtual reality (VR) adaptive cognitive training intervention for youth with ADHD in improving symptoms of inattention relative to a non-adaptive training control intervention. Prior to the main randomized trial, a proof-of concept open-label pilot study will assess the safety, tolerability, usability, feasibility, credibility and treatment expectancy of the intervention. It will also provide an initial assessment of the efficacy on the intervention in improving inattention symptoms and neuropsychological performance.When these parameters are met, the pilot will be complete and the RCT will begin. Objectives: Primary Objective: Examine the efficacy of the Floreo VR intervention in improving symptoms of inattention in children/adolescents with ADHD. Secondary Objectives: Examine the efficacy of the VR intervention in improving neuropsychological performance in four cognitive domains pertinent to ADHD. Pilot Study Objective: Assess the safety, tolerability, usability, feasibility, credibility and treatment expectancy of the VR intervention. Provide an initial open-label assessment of the efficacy of the intervention. Endpoints: Primary Endpoint: The primary endpoint of the main trial is to investigate whether the intervention decreases symptoms of inattention as assessed using the ADHD Rating Scale-5 for Children and Adolescents (ADHD-RS-5). A secondary aim of the main study is to investigate whether the intervention brings about improvements in performance on four neuropsychological performance indices. These are stop signal reaction time on the Stop Signal task (inhibitory control), visuospatial working memory as determined using number of correct responses on the Dot Matrix task, a composite measure of temporal deviation on a Temporal Reproduction task, and the number of correct responses on the NIH Toolbox Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test. Pilot intervention Endpoints: Responses to structured interview items on safety, tolerability, usability, credibility and treatment expectancy of the intervention. Reports of adverse events will be used to assess safety. Feasibility will be assessed using participation and compliance rates. Usability will also be assessed using a System Usability Scale. Open-label assessments of efficacy will also be performed, using the ADHD-RS-5 inattention subscale. Secondary endpoints for the pilot study are the same as for the main study.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- Not provided
Exclusion Criteria
- Not provided
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
ADHD-RS-5 inattention sub-scale.
Time Frame: within one month of the end of VR training
The ADHD-RS-569 is a rating scale based on the diagnostic criteria for ADHD as described in the DSM-5. Inattention symptoms are one of two key symptom domains for ADHD, and the target of the present intervention.
Secondary Outcomes
- Stop signal reaction time on the Stop Signal task (inhibitory control)(within one month of the end of VR training)
- Number of correct responses on the Dot Matrix task(within one month of the end of VR training)
- Number of correct responses on the NIH Toolbox Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test.(within one month of the end of VR training)
- Temporal deviation on a temporal reproduction task(within one month of the end of VR training)