The Effect of Fluid Restriction in Congestive Heart Failure Complicated With Hyponatremia

Not Applicable

• Conditions: Heart Failure; Hyponatremia
• Interventions: Other: Fluid restriction

• Registration Number: NCT01748331
• Lead Sponsor: Finn Gustafsson

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of fluid restriction and the neurohormonal mechanisms in the development of hyponatremia in patients with congestive heart failure and hyponatremia. The hypothesis is that strict fluid restriction leads to a larger increase in plasma sodium than standard treatment in patients with decompensated heart failure associated with hyponatremia. A secondary hypothesis is that the neurohormonal change is greater in patients treated with strict fluid restriction versus standard treatment.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2012-11
• Study First Submitted: 2012-12-10
• Study First Submitted QC: 2012-12-10
• Study First Posted: 2012-12-12
• Status Verified: 2015-10
• Last Update Submitted: 2015-10-26
• Last Update Posted: 2015-10-28
• Primary Completion: 2016-11
• Study Completion: 2016-11

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: UNKNOWN
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 40

Inclusion Criteria

• Age > 18 years
• Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) < 40

At least two of the following signs of decompensated heart failure and fluid retention:

• Weight gain > 2 kg
• Pulmonal Congestion
• Jugular vein congestion
• Peripheral oedemas
• Hepatic congestion with ascites
• Radiographic signs of fluid retention
• Increased diuretic dose

And

• New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III-IV
• Plasma sodium < 135 mmol/L
• Symptomatic heart failure and treatment with relevant heart failure medications (beta-blocker, diuretic, digoxin, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin-II receptor antagonist, spironolactone, hydralazine and/or nitrates)for at least 1 month
• Hospitalization for decompensated heart failure within the last 48 hours
• Given informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

• Plasma sodium ≥ 135 mmol/L before randomization
• Reduced kidney function (creatinine > 200 μmol/L)
• Severe hematologic disease
• Hypovolemic hyponatremia (volume depletion or dehydration)
• Intolerability to large or fast changes in fluid volume assessed by the investigator
• Plasma sodium < 120 mmol/L accompanied by neurologic symptoms
• Anuria
• Symptomatic systolic blood pressure (supine systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg)
• Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure > 180 mmHg)
• Uncontrolled diabetes diabetes mellitus
• Adrenal insufficiency
• Acute myocardial infarction, sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation within the last 30 days
• Heart surgery within the last 60 days
• Other severe heart disease: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, severe heart valve disease, cardiac amyloidosis, active myocarditis, pericardial exudate which is hemodynamically significant
• Left ventricular assist device (LVAD)
• Planned revascularization procedure, electrophysiologic device implantation, mechanic left ventricular assist device, heart transplant or any other heart surgery procedures within the next 30 days
• Cerebrovascular event within the last 6 months
• Comorbidity with an expected survival < 6 months
• Other reasons for hyponatremia: Primary syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), primary polydipsia, head trauma, uncontrolled hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency or other known pharmacologically triggered hyponatremia which is reversible upon discontinuation of the drug, hyperglycemia (pseudohyponatremia), present abuse of alcohol
• Pregnancy
• Pregnant or fertile women who are not using safe contraception
• Dementia
• Unwilling or unable to give informed consent

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Strict fluid restriction < 1 L/day	Fluid restriction	20 patients will be randomized to strict fluid restriction \< 1 L/day
Moderate fluid restriction < 2.5 L/day	Fluid restriction	20 patients will be randomized to moderate fluid restriction \< 2.5 L/day

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in plasma sodium from day 1 to day 4: - Normalization of plasma sodium or - A significant change in plasma sodium of a minimum of 5 mmol/L from baseline to day 4	5 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in plasma vasopressin and copeptin	5 days
The correlation between hospitalization time and plasma sodium	5 days
Correlation between fluid restriction and change in kidney function	5 days
Patient assessment of fluid restriction	5 days
Number of days until clinical stability	5 days
Change in blood pressure, heart rate, weight and oedemas	5 days
Change in dyspnoea assessed by the patient	5 days
Patient compliance to fluid restriction	5 days

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet; 🇩🇰 Copenhagen, Denmark

Bispebjerg Hospital; 🇩🇰 Copenhagen, Denmark