Nutritional Status and ASD Severity of Autistic Spectrum Disorder Children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Case Control Study

Completed

• Conditions: Autistic Spectrum Disorder

• Registration Number: NCT05515913
• Lead Sponsor: Addis Ababa University

Brief Summary

The study conducts a case control analysis of the nutritional status and intake of autistic spectrum disorder diagnosed children as compared to typically developing children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It included analysis of anthropometric measurements, three days food diary food intake, urinary iodine analysis, childhood autism rating scale diagnosis, food frequency and eating behavior questioner and proximate analysis of one day major meals of selected subjects.

Detailed Description

Sample population was Addis Ababa city in which subjects were selected from one of the two autism centers in the country. Random sampling method was applied to select subject from the total enrolled children in the center using Ryan 2013 sample size calculation formula.

Subjects already diagnose with autistic spectrum disorder that didn't have any other chronic disease that affect diet and nutrition were included in the study. Subjects were selected randomly from each grade level in the center. They were registered and taken for data collection. Sample and Data was collected with the help of each child's center caregiver and parent. Childhood autism rating scale diagnosis, eating behavior analysis were analyzed for the ASD and anthropometric indices Z scores, urine iodine concentration, three days food diary analysis, major meals proximate analysis, food frequency and dietary diversity was assessed and compared to typically developing children in Addis Ababa.

Data entry and analysis was conducted using Emergency Nutrition Assessment software, Microsoft excel and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2021-08-14
• Primary Completion: 2021-11-23
• Study Completion: 2022-02-08
• Status Verified: 2022-08
• Study First Submitted: 2022-08-19
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-08-23
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-08-23
• Study First Posted: 2022-08-25
• Last Update Posted: 2022-08-25

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 52

Inclusion Criteria

• Children already diagnosed with ASD
• school aged children (4-18 years old)

Exclusion Criteria

• children with chronic illnesses ( such as cancer..)
• children taking heavy medications that may affect diet and nutrition

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Carbohydrate intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of carbohydrate in gm/day
Vitamin A intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of vitamin A in mg/day
Autism symptom severity of children using Childhood Autism rating Scale diagnosis	2 days	Childhood autism rating scale assessed by total raw scores by age. for age 0-12, scores of 15-29.5 indicate limited behavior related to autism, score of 30-36.5 indicate mild to moderate level of behavior related to autism, score 37-60 indicate sever level behavior related to autism. for age 13 years and older, 15-27.5 indicate limited behavior related to autism, score of 28-34.5 indicate mild to moderate level of behavior related to autism, score 35-60 indicate sever level behavior related to autism.
Weight for age z-scores	1 day	weight and age will be combined to report weight for age z-scores in kg for age in months
Calcium intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of calcium in mg/day
Vitamin B2 intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of vitamin B2 in mg/day
Urine iodine concentration of children	2 month	Urine iodine concentration of children in µg /L
Height for age z-scores	1 day	Height and age will be combined to report height for age z-scores in centimeter for age in months
Zinc intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of zinc in mg/day
Niacin intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of niacin in mg/day
Body Mass Index for age z-scores	1 day	Body Mass Index and age will be combined to report Body mass index for age z-score in Kg/m2 for age in months
Energy intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of energy in kcal/day
Protein intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of protein in gm/day
Lipid intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of lipid in gm/day
Vitamin C intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of vitamin C in mg/day
Iron intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of Iron in mg/day
Thiamine intake using three days food diary questioner	5 days	Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of Thiamine in mg/day

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
protein intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals	2 months	proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of protein in gm/100gm
frequency of food group consumption using food frequency questioner	5 days	percentage of children consuming from each food groups using a food frequency questioner
energy intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals	2 months	proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of energy in k cal /100gm
Ash intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals	2 months	proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of Ash in gm/100gm
dietary diversity score of children using three days food diary	5 days	consumption of 1-3 food groups is scored as low dietary diversity score, consumption of 4-5 food groups is scored as medium dietary diversity score, consumption of \>5 food groups is scored as high dietary diversity score.
frequency of food refusal in children using a questioner	5 days	frequency is scored as never to seldom, mild and sever
Lipid intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals	2 months	proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of lipid in gm/100gm
Carbohydrate intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals	1 week	proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of carbohydrate in gm/100gm
frequency of sensitivity to food	5 days	frequency is scored as never to seldom, mild and sever
frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms	5 days	frequency is scored as never to seldom, mild and sever
frequency of food allergic reactions	5 days	frequency is scored as never to seldom, mild and sever

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Addis Ababa Science and Technology University; 🇪🇹 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia