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A Study Evaluating Trastuzumab Emtansine Plus Pertuzumab Compared With Chemotherapy Plus Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab for Participants With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-Positive Breast Cancer

Registration Number
NCT02131064
Lead Sponsor
Hoffmann-La Roche
Brief Summary

This is a randomized, multicenter, open-label, two-arm study in treatment-naive participants with operable, locally advanced, or inflammatory, centrally-assessed HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC) whose primary tumors were greater than or equal to (\>/=) 2 centimeters (cm). The study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab emtansine + pertuzumab (experimental arm; T-DM1 + P) versus chemotherapy, trastuzumab + pertuzumab (control arm; TCH + P). The study comprised a neoadjuvant treatment period, followed by surgery, and an adjuvant treatment period.

Treatment can be stopped due to disease recurrence, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or study termination.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
444
Inclusion Criteria
  • Histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer with a primary tumor size of greater than (>) 2 cm
  • HER2-positive breast cancer
  • Participants with multifocal tumors (more than one tumor confined to the same quadrant as the primary tumor) are eligible provided all discrete lesions are sampled and centrally confirmed as HER2 positive
  • Stage at presentation: cT2-cT4, cN0-cN3, cM0, according to American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system
  • Known hormone receptor status of the primary tumor
  • Participant agreement to undergo mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery after neoadjuvant therapy
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1
  • Baseline Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) >/= 55 percent (%) measured by echocardiogram (ECHO) or multiple-gated acquisition (MUGA)
  • Effective contraception as defined by protocol
Exclusion Criteria
  • Stage IV (metastatic) breast cancer
  • Participants who have received prior anti-cancer therapy for breast cancer except those participants with a history of breast lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) that was surgically managed or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated exclusively with mastectomy. In case of prior history of LCIS/DCIS, >5 years must have passed from surgery until diagnosis of current breast cancer
  • Participants with multicentric (multiple tumors involving more than 1 quadrant) or bilateral breast cancer
  • Participants who have undergone incisional and/or excisional biopsy of primary tumor and/or axillary lymph nodes
  • Axillary lymph node dissection or positive sentinel lymph node prior to start of neoadjuvant therapy
  • History of concurrent or previously non-breast malignancies except for appropriately treated (1) non-melanoma skin cancer and (2) in situ carcinomas, including cervix, colon, and skin. A participant with previous invasive non-breast cancer is eligible provided he/she has been disease-free >/= 5 years
  • Treatment with any investigational drug within 28 days prior to randomization
  • Current National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version (v) 4.0
  • Any significant concurrent medical or surgical conditions or findings that would jeopardize the participant's safety or ability to complete the study
  • Current pregnancy or breastfeeding

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Trastuzumab Emtansine (T-DM1) + PertuzumabTrastuzumab EmtansineParticipants will receive pertuzumab 840 mg (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by trastuzumab emtansine 3.6 mg/kg IV infusion q3w for a total of 18 cycles (6 cycles of neoadjuvant period and 12 cycles of adjuvant period).
Trastuzumab (TCH) + PertuzumabDocetaxelParticipants will receive pertuzumab 840 milligrams (mg) (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) intravenous (IV) infusion followed by trastuzumab 8 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) (loading dose) and 6 mg/kg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by docetaxel 75 milligrams per square meter (mg/m\^2) IV infusion and carboplatin at a dose to achieve an area under the curve (AUC) of 6 milligrams per milliliter\* minute (mg/mL\*min) IV infusion every 3 weeks (q3w) for 6 cycles in neoadjuvant period. Participants will receive pertuzumab 840 mg (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by trastuzumab 8 mg/kg (loading dose) and 6 mg/kg (maintenance dose) IV infusion q3w for rest of the cycles (12 cycles) in adjuvant period (up to a total of 18 cycles).
Trastuzumab (TCH) + PertuzumabCarboplatinParticipants will receive pertuzumab 840 milligrams (mg) (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) intravenous (IV) infusion followed by trastuzumab 8 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) (loading dose) and 6 mg/kg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by docetaxel 75 milligrams per square meter (mg/m\^2) IV infusion and carboplatin at a dose to achieve an area under the curve (AUC) of 6 milligrams per milliliter\* minute (mg/mL\*min) IV infusion every 3 weeks (q3w) for 6 cycles in neoadjuvant period. Participants will receive pertuzumab 840 mg (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by trastuzumab 8 mg/kg (loading dose) and 6 mg/kg (maintenance dose) IV infusion q3w for rest of the cycles (12 cycles) in adjuvant period (up to a total of 18 cycles).
Trastuzumab (TCH) + PertuzumabPertuzumabParticipants will receive pertuzumab 840 milligrams (mg) (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) intravenous (IV) infusion followed by trastuzumab 8 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) (loading dose) and 6 mg/kg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by docetaxel 75 milligrams per square meter (mg/m\^2) IV infusion and carboplatin at a dose to achieve an area under the curve (AUC) of 6 milligrams per milliliter\* minute (mg/mL\*min) IV infusion every 3 weeks (q3w) for 6 cycles in neoadjuvant period. Participants will receive pertuzumab 840 mg (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by trastuzumab 8 mg/kg (loading dose) and 6 mg/kg (maintenance dose) IV infusion q3w for rest of the cycles (12 cycles) in adjuvant period (up to a total of 18 cycles).
Trastuzumab (TCH) + PertuzumabTrastuzumabParticipants will receive pertuzumab 840 milligrams (mg) (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) intravenous (IV) infusion followed by trastuzumab 8 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) (loading dose) and 6 mg/kg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by docetaxel 75 milligrams per square meter (mg/m\^2) IV infusion and carboplatin at a dose to achieve an area under the curve (AUC) of 6 milligrams per milliliter\* minute (mg/mL\*min) IV infusion every 3 weeks (q3w) for 6 cycles in neoadjuvant period. Participants will receive pertuzumab 840 mg (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by trastuzumab 8 mg/kg (loading dose) and 6 mg/kg (maintenance dose) IV infusion q3w for rest of the cycles (12 cycles) in adjuvant period (up to a total of 18 cycles).
Trastuzumab Emtansine (T-DM1) + PertuzumabPertuzumabParticipants will receive pertuzumab 840 mg (loading dose) and 420 mg (maintenance dose) IV infusion followed by trastuzumab emtansine 3.6 mg/kg IV infusion q3w for a total of 18 cycles (6 cycles of neoadjuvant period and 12 cycles of adjuvant period).
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of Participants With Total Pathological Complete Response (tpCR) Assessed Based on Tumor SamplesPre-surgery (within 6 weeks after neoadjuvant therapy; up to approximately 6 months)

tpCR was assessed by local pathology review on samples taken at surgery following completion of neoadjuvant therapy. tpCR was defined as the absence of any residual invasive cancer on hematoxylin and eosin evaluation of the resected breast specimen and all sampled ipsilateral lymph nodes ( that is \[i.e.\], ypT0/is, ypN0 in the American Joint Committee on Cancer \[AJCC\] staging system, 7th edition). Percentage of participants with tpCR was reported.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of Participants With a Clinically Meaningful Deterioration in Global Health Status (GHS)/Quality of Life (QoL) ScoreFrom Baseline (Day 1 Cycle 1) to Cycle 6 (each cycle = 21 days) in neoadjuvant period

Participants rated their quality of life (global health status) on European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ- C30), with total scores ranging from 0 (worst) to 100 (best); where higher score indicates better quality of life. Clinically meaningful deterioration in GHS/QoL was defined as a decrease in score of 10 points in GHS/QoL.

Percentage of Participants With a Clinically Meaningful Deterioration in Function SubscalesFrom Baseline (Day 1 Cycle 1) to Cycle 6 (each cycle = 21 days) in neoadjuvant period

Participants rated their function on EORTC QLQ C-30, with total score and single-item (physical, cognitive and role functioning) scores ranging from 0 (worst) to 100 (best); where higher score indicates better functioning. Clinically meaningful deterioration was defined as a decrease in score of 10 points in physical function; decrease of 7 points in cognitive function and decrease of 14 points in role function.

Event-Free SurvivalFrom randomization up to disease progression or recurrence or death (up to approximately 47 months)

Event-free survival (EFS) is defined as the time from randomization to disease progression or disease recurrence (local, regional, distant, or contralateral, invasive or non-invasive), or death from any cause. 3 years EFS rate per randomized treatment arms in the ITT population were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and estimated the probability of a patient being event-free after 3 years after treatment.

Invasive Disease-free Survival (IDFS)From surgery to the first documented occurrence of IDFC event (up to approximately 47 months)

IDFS is defined only for participants who undergo surgery. IDFS is defined as the time from surgery to the first documented occurrence of an IDFS event, defined as: Ipsilateral invasive breast tumor recurrence; Ipsilateral local-regional invasive breast cancer recurrence; Distant recurrence; Contralateral invasive breast cancer; and death from any cause. 3 years of IDFS event-free rate per randomized treatment arms in the ITT population were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and estimated the probability of a patient being event-free after 3 years after treatment.

Percentage of Participants by Response for Skin Problem Single ItemsBaseline,Cycle(C) 3,C5 of neoadjuvant period (each C=21 days); pre-surgery visit (within 6weeks after neoadjuvant therapy; up to approx 6months), C4 & 8 of Adjuvant Period (each C=21 days), End of Treatment, Follow up 2 & 4 (approx 47 months)

Participants answered the Question 1 "Did itching skin bother you?" and Question 2 "Have you had skin problems?", from the mQLQ-BR23, on a 5-point scale (1 'Not at all', 2 'A little', 3 'Somewhat', 4 'Quite a bit', 5 'Very much'). Percentage of participants by each response was reported.

Time to Clinically Meaningful Deterioration in GHS/QoL ScoreFrom Baseline (Day 1 Cycle 1) to Cycle 6 (each cycle = 21 days) in neoadjuvant period

Participants rated their quality of life (global health status) on EORTC QLQ C-30, with total scores ranging from 0 (worst) to 100 (best); where higher score indicates better quality of life. Time to deterioration was defined as the time from baseline to first 10-point (or greater) decrease as measured by GHS/QoL. All valid GHS/QoL questionnaires of the neoadjuvant phase including surgery were used. Participants without deterioration were censored at the time of completing the last GHS/QoL plus 1 day. Median time to deterioration was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method. The 95% confidence interval (CI) for the median was computed using the method of Brookmeyer and Crowley.

Maximum Observed Serum Concentration (Cmax) of Trastuzumab15-30 minutes (min) post-study treatment infusion (infusion duration = 90 min) on Day 1 of Cycle 1 and 6 (each cycle = 21 days) in neoadjuvant and adjuvant period

Only participants who received trastuzumab were to be analyzed for this outcome.

Cmin of Trastuzumab Emtansine and Total TrastuzumabPre-study treatment infusion (0 hr) (infusion duration = 90 min) on Day 1 of Cycle 6 (cycle length = 21 days) in neoadjuvant and adjuvant period

Only participants who received trastuzumab emtansine were to be analyzed for this outcome.

Percentage of Participants by Response for Neuropathy Single ItemBaseline,Cycle(C) 3,C5 of neoadjuvant period (each C=21 days); pre-surgery visit (within 6weeks after neoadjuvant therapy; up to approx 6months), C4 & 8 of Adjuvant Period (each C=21 days), End of Treatment, Follow up 2 & 4 (approx 47 months)

Participants answered the question "Did you have tingling hands/feet?", from the Modified Quality of Life Questionnaire Breast Cancer 23 (mQLQ-BR23), on a 5-point scale (1 'Not at all', 2 'A little', 3 'Somewhat', 4 'Quite a bit', 5 'Very much'). Percentage of participants by each response was reported.

Plasma N2'-Deacetyl-N2'-(3-mercapto-1-oxopropyl)-Maytansine (DM1) Concentrations15-30 min post-study treatment infusion (Cmax) on Day 1 of Cycle 1 and 6 in neoadjuvant and adjuvant period

DM1 is the metabolite of trastuzumab emtansine. Only participants who received trastuzumab emtansine were to be analyzed for this outcome.

Overall SurvivalFrom randomization until death (up to approximately 47 months)

Overall survival in the overall study population was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of death from any cause. 3 years OS event-free rate per randomized treatment arms in the ITT population were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and estimated the probability of a patient being event-free after 3 years after treatment.

Percentage of Participants Who Received Breast-Conserving Surgery (BCS)Surgery performed after completion of neoadjuvant therapy (approximately 6 months after neoadjuvant period)

BCS rate was defined as the percentage of participants who achieve BCS out of the ITT population of participants without inflammatory breast cancer.

Minimum Observed Serum Concentration (Cmin) of TrastuzumabPre-study treatment infusion (0 hours [hr]) (infusion duration = 90 min) on Day 1 of Cycle 6 (cycle length = 21 days) in neoadjuvant and adjuvant period

Only participants who received trastuzumab were to be analyzed for this outcome.

Serum Levels of Plasma DM1-Containing Catabolites Concentrations (in ng/mL) (Nonreducible Thioether Linker [MCC]-DM1 and Lysine [Lys]-MCC-DM1)15-30 min post-study treatment infusion (Cmax) on Day 1 of Cycle 1 and 6 in neoadjuvant and adjuvant period
Percentage of Participants With ATA to TrastuzumabBaseline (Pre-trastuzumab [0 hr] infusion [infusion duration = 90 min] on Day 1 of Cycle 1); post-baseline (Pre-trastuzumab infusion [0 hr] on Day 1 of Cycle 6) (each cycle = 21 days) in neoadjuvant and adjuvant period
Time to Clinically Meaningful Deterioration in Function SubscaleFrom Baseline (Day 1 Cycle 1) to Cycle 6 (each cycle = 21 days) in neoadjuvant period

Participants rated their function on EORTC QLQ C-30, with total scores ranging from 0 (worst) to 100 (best); where higher score indicates better functioning. Time to deterioration was defined as the time from baseline to first 10-point (or greater) decrease as measured by physical function; to first 14-point (or greater) decrease as measured by role function, to first 7-point (or greater) decrease as measured by cognitive function. Median time to deterioration was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method. The 95% CI for the median was computed using the method of Brookmeyer and Crowley.

Cmax of Trastuzumab Emtansine and Total Trastuzumab15-30 min post-study treatment infusion (infusion duration = 90 min) on Day 1 of Cycle 1 and 6 (each cycle = 21 days) in neoadjuvant and adjuvant period.

Only participants who received trastuzumab emtansine were to be analyzed for this outcome.

Percentage of Participants by Response for Hair Loss Single ItemBaseline,Cycle(C) 3, C5 of neoadjuvant period (each C=21 days); pre-surgery visit (within 6weeks after neoadjuvant therapy; up to approx 6months), C4 & 8 of Adjuvant Period (each C=21 days), End of Treatment, Follow up 2 & 4(approx 47 months)

Participants answered the Question "Have you lost any hair?", from the mQLQ-BR23, on a 5-point scale (1 'Not at all', 2 'A little', 3 'Somewhat', 4 'Quite a bit', 5 'Very much'). Percentage of participants by each response was reported.

Percentage of Participants With Selected Adverse Events (AEs)Baseline to end of study (approximately 47 months)

Selected AEs included hepatotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, cardiac dysfunction, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuropathy, hemorrhage, infusion related reaction (IRR)/hypersensitivity, IRR/Hypersensitivity symptoms, rash, diarrhea and mucositis. An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered a pharmaceutical product, regardless of causal attribution.

Percentage of Participants With a Clinically Meaningful Increase in Symptom SubscalesFrom Baseline (Day 1 Cycle 1) to Cycle 6 (each cycle = 21 days) in neoadjuvant period

Participants rated their symptoms on EORTC QLQ C-30 and mQLQ-BR23, with total scores ranging from 0 (worst) to 100 (best); where higher score indicates greater degree of symptoms. Clinically meaningful increase in symptoms was defined as an increase in score (deterioration) of 11 points in nausea and vomiting, pain, dyspnea; increase of 9 points in insomnia; increase of 14 points in appetite loss; increase of 15 points in diarrhea, constipation; increase of 10 points in fatigue, systemic therapy side effects, hair loss.

Percentage of Participants With Anti-Therapeutic Antibodies (ATA) to TDM-1Baseline (b) (Pre-TDM1 [0 hr] infusion [infusion duration = 90 min] on Day 1 of Cycle 1); post-baseline (pb) (Pre-TDM1 infusion [0 hr] on Day 1 of Cycle 6) (each cycle = 21 days) in neoadjuvant and adjuvant period

Participants were considered post-baseline ATA positive if they had ATAs post-baseline that were either treatment-induced or treatment-enhanced. Participants had treatment-induced ATAs if they had a negative or missing ATA result at baseline, and at least one positive ATA result post-baseline. Participants had treatment-enhanced ATAs if they had a positive ATA result at baseline, and at least one positive ATA result post-baseline that was greater than or equal to (\>/=) 0.60 titer units higher than the result at baseline.

Trial Locations

Locations (79)

Cancer Care Assoc Med Group

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

New England Cancer Specialists

🇺🇸

Scarborough, Maine, United States

Hope A Women's Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Asheville, North Carolina, United States

St. Michael'S Hospital

🇨🇦

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

St. Jude Heritage Healthcare; Virgiia K.Crosson Can Ctr

🇺🇸

Fullerton, California, United States

UCLA Hematology/Oncology

🇺🇸

Santa Monica, California, United States

Coastal Integrative Cancer Care

🇺🇸

San Luis Obispo, California, United States

Central Coast Medical Oncology

🇺🇸

Santa Maria, California, United States

Memorial Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Hollywood, Florida, United States

Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada - Henderson

🇺🇸

Henderson, Nevada, United States

Hospital Nuestra Señora de Sonsoles; servicio de Oncologia

🇪🇸

Avila, Spain

Seoul National University Hospital

🇰🇷

Seoul, Korea, Republic of

Klinikum Sindelfingen-Böblingen; Frauenklinik

🇩🇪

Böblingen, Germany

Samsung Medical Center

🇰🇷

Seoul, Korea, Republic of

Cross Cancer Institute ; Dept of Medical Oncology

🇨🇦

Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Universitätsklinikum Mainz

🇩🇪

Mainz, Germany

CHD Les Oudairies

🇫🇷

La Roche Sur Yon, France

Centre Rene Gauducheau

🇫🇷

Saint Herblain, France

Chum Hospital Notre Dame

🇨🇦

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

IInstituto Oncologico de San Sebastian, Oncologikoa; Servicio de Oncologia

🇪🇸

San Sebastian, Guipuzcoa, Spain

Seoul National University Bundang Hospital

🇰🇷

Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of

Severance Hospital

🇰🇷

Seoul, Korea, Republic of

Levine Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Charlotte, North Carolina, United States

Corporacio Sanitaria Parc Tauli; Servicio de Oncologia

🇪🇸

Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain

Ico - Paul Papin

🇫🇷

Angers, France

Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet; Servicio Oncologia

🇪🇸

Zaragoza, Spain

Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria

🇪🇸

Malaga, Spain

Universitätsklinikum Erlangen; Frauenklinik

🇩🇪

Erlangen, Germany

Fundacio Santa Creu I Sant Pau

🇪🇸

Barcelona, Spain

HOPITAL JEAN MINJOZ; Oncologie

🇫🇷

Besancon, France

Centre Catherine De Sienne

🇫🇷

Nantes, France

Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia

🇪🇸

Valencia, Spain

Hospital Quiron de Madrid; Servicio de Oncologia

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

Hospital del Mar; Servicio de Oncologia

🇪🇸

Barcelona, Spain

Complejo Hospitalario de Jaen

🇪🇸

Jaen, Spain

Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon; Servicio de Oncologia

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

Hospital Universitari de Lleida Arnau de Vilanova

🇪🇸

Lleida, Lerida, Spain

Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos; Servicio de Oncologia

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

ProHEALTH Care Associates LLP

🇺🇸

Lake Success, New York, United States

Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

🇨🇦

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Centre Oscar Lambret

🇫🇷

Lille, France

Institut Paoli Calmettes

🇫🇷

Marseille, France

Luisenkrankenhaus GmbH, Brustzentrum

🇩🇪

Düsseldorf, Germany

Interdisziplinäres Onkologisches Zentrum

🇩🇪

München, Germany

National Cancer Center

🇰🇷

Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of

Regional Oncology Hospital Of Kursk; Chemotherapy

🇷🇺

Kislino, Kursk Region, Russian Federation

Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC, Materno Infantil), Oncología

🇪🇸

La Coruña, Spain

Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio

🇪🇸

Sevilla, Spain

Taipei Veterans General Hospital

🇨🇳

Taipei City, Taiwan

Hopital Morvan

🇫🇷

Brest, France

Nouvel Hopital Civil - CHU Strasbourg

🇫🇷

Strasbourg, France

UZ Antwerpen

🇧🇪

Edegem, Belgium

UZ Leuven Gasthuisberg

🇧🇪

Leuven, Belgium

Clinique Saint-Joseph

🇧🇪

Liège, Belgium

Sint Augustinus Wilrijk

🇧🇪

Wilrijk, Belgium

Clinique Ste-Elisabeth, Pharmacie

🇧🇪

Namur, Belgium

Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center; Hemato-Oncology

🇨🇳

Taipei, Taiwan

S.I. Russian Oncological Research Center n.a. N.N. Blokhin

🇷🇺

Moscow, Russian Federation

Moscow City Oncology Hospital #62

🇷🇺

Moscovskaya Oblast, Moskovskaja Oblast, Russian Federation

State Inst. Of Healthcare Orenburg Regional Clinical Oncology Dis

🇷🇺

Orenburg, Russian Federation

Railway Clinical Hospital on Saratov - 2 Station Oao "Rzhd"

🇷🇺

Saratov, Russian Federation

Saint-Petersburg City Clinical Oncology Dispensary

🇷🇺

St Petersburg, Russian Federation

National Taiwan Uni Hospital

🇨🇳

Taipei City, Taiwan

Cherkassy Regional Oncological Hospital

🇺🇦

Cherkassy, Ukraine

Karkiv Regional Oncology Center

🇺🇦

Kharkiv, Ukraine

Mackay Memorial Hospital; Dept of Surgery

🇨🇳

Taipei, Taiwan

Kaohsiung Medical Uni Chung-Ho Hospital; Dept of Surgery

🇨🇳

Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Tri-Service General Hospital

🇨🇳

Taipei, Taiwan

Lvov State Regional Center

🇺🇦

Lvov, Ukraine

State Medical Academy; Oncology

🇺🇦

Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine

McGill University; Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish General Hospital; Oncology

🇨🇦

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

CHU de Québec - Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement / ONCOLOGY

🇨🇦

Quebec, Canada

Asan Medical Center - Oncology

🇰🇷

Seoul, Korea, Republic of

Centro Integral Oncologico Clara Campal (CIOCC); Dirección Médica

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

Md Anderson Cancer Center Orlando

🇺🇸

Orlando, Florida, United States

Roper Bon Secours St. Francis Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Charleston, South Carolina, United States

Sarah Cannon Research Institute

🇺🇸

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

MD Anderson Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Montefiore Medical Center

🇺🇸

Bronx, New York, United States

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