Auricular Acupressure as a Non-Opioid Adjuvant in Opioid Tolerant Patients
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Opioid Use Disorder
- Sponsor
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences
- Enrollment
- 21
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Pain Scores Using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- last year
Overview
Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to determine if the addition of auricular acupressure to the typical pharmacological regimen given to patients on the chronic pain/addiction service will lower pain scores and decrease pain medication usage.
Detailed Description
Participants will be asked to complete baseline questionnaires. After completion, a study interventionist will place 10 adhesive acupressure pads./seeds on the participant's ears, 5 acupressure pads per ear. The pads will be placed on specific sites of the ear that are thought to help with pain and overall well-being. Over the course of 3 days, participants will be asked to apply a small amount of pressure with their finger to each of the pads and answer study questionnaires. This feasibility trial is being performed in collaboration with the Battlefield Auricular Acupressure (BAApress) Training and Intervention Fidelity study (IRB00084011).
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Age \> or equal to 18
- •History of documented chronic pain with or without opioid use disorder (Polysubstance abuse or opioid use disorder or opioid narcotic use documented as home medication)
- •Estimated length of stay (admission) at least 5 days at the time of recruitment
- •Able to read and understand informed consent form
Exclusion Criteria
- •Patient refusal
- •Patients with a known history of leaving against medical advice (AMA)
- •only English-speaking participants will be eligible.
- •Inability to communicate via telephone
- •Participants with a history of skin disease (e.g., psoriasis) involving the ear, adhesive allergy, recent scar tissue on ear, or current abrasions or cuts on ear,
- •Cognitive impairment (delirium, dementia)
- •Physical impairment preventing them from applying pressure to the beads
- •Patients with cardiac pacemakers (contraindication to POINTER PAL)
- •Use of some types of hearing aids (obstructing the placement of beads)
- •Any chronic or acute illness or psychiatric conditions that would impact adherence to the study requirements
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Pain Scores Using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)
Time Frame: Day 3
In a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), patients are asked to circle the number between 0 and 10. Zero usually represents 'no pain at all' whereas the upper limit represents 'the worst pain ever possible
Pain, Enjoyment and General Activity (PEG) Assessment Scores
Time Frame: Day 3
Patient reported assessment of pain intensity and interference. We will compare scores before and after initiation of Auricular Acupressure. The PEG scale consists of 3 separate numerical scales: PEG-1 What number best describes your pain this week?, PEG-2 What number describes how during the past week pain has interfered with your enjoyment of life?, and PEG-3 What number best describes how during the past week pain has interfered with your general activity? Each scale has ratings ranging from 0-10. Individuals rate their pain level concerning 3 different areas. Higher scores represent more pain and or increased enjoyment and activity interference.
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Time Frame: Day 3
Scores range from 0-100. Zero usually represents 'no pain at all' whereas the upper limit represents 'the worst pain ever possible
Secondary Outcomes
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) Score Changes(Baseline and Day 3)
- Auricular Acupressure Acceptability-DAY 3-Satisfaction(Day 3)
- Auricular Acupressure Acceptability--DAY 3-future Use(Day 3)
- Changes in Amount of Opioid Use(Baseline, Day 1, Day 2, and Day 3)
- Willingness to Decrease Dependence Scores(Day 3)
- Change in Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) Scores(Baseline and Day 3)
- Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) Assessments(Baseline and Day 3)
- Changes in Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)(Baseline and Day 3)