Pilot Study to Investigate the Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Two Buprenorphine Transdermal Patch Formulations as Compared to a Reference Patch
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Grünenthal GmbH
- Enrollment
- 47
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of buprenorphine
Study Overview
Brief Summary
This study is intended to produce information on the pharmacokinetic characteristics (uptake into and elimination from the body) of two new patch formulations of the analgesic buprenorphine as compared to the reference patch Transtec (Registered Trademark) 35 micrograms per hour (μg/h) in order to assess the suitability of the test formulations for a later confirmatory bioequivalence study.
In addition to a reduced buprenorphine load, the new patch formulations may potentially provide improved wearing properties. A placebo patch formulation of the respective test or reference patch will be applied simultaneously to explore the skin tolerability and skin adhesiveness of the patch formulations. Furthermore, the safety and tolerability of the treatments will be assessed.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 55 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- Male
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Male Caucasian participants aged 18-55 years.
- •Body mass index (BMI) between 18 and 30 kilograms per square meter inclusive.
- •Participants must be in good health as determined by medical history, physical examination, 12-lead electrocardiogram, vital signs, and clinical laboratory parameters.
- •Participants giving written informed consent to participate within this trial.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Resting pulse rate less than or equal to 45 or greater than or equal to 95 beats per minute (participant has rested in the sitting position for at least 3 minutes).
- •Resting blood pressure (participant has rested in the sitting position for at least 3 minutes) systolic blood pressure less than or equal to 100 and greater than or equal to 140 millimeters mercury (mmHg), diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 50 and greater than or equal to 95 mmHg.
- •Positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1/2 antibodies, hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen, hepatitis B core (HBc) antibodies, hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies.
- •History or presence of orthostatic hypotension.
- •Participation in another clinical study in the last three months before starting this study (exception: characterization of metabolizer status).
- •Positive drug of abuse screening (amphetamines, tetrahydrocannabinol [THC], cocaine, morphines, or positive breath alcohol) at screening or baseline.
- •Diseases or condition known to interfere with the absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion of drugs.
- •Marked repolarization abnormality (e.g., suspicious or definite congenital long QT syndrome) or co-medication that is known to influence cardiac repolarization substantially.
- •Bronchial asthma.
- •Definite or suspected history of drug allergy or hypersensitivity, especially known sensitivity to buprenorphine, naltrexone or naloxone.
- •Patch allergy.
- •Participants who have received any prescribed and non-prescribed systemic or topical medication two weeks before and during the study with the exception of short term medication, e.g. paracetamol for the treatment of headache.
- •History or suspicion of alcohol or drug abuse, e.g., use of barbiturates, amphetamines, ecstasy, meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), cannabis, or narcotics.
- •Not able to abstain from drinking of caffeine containing beverages (tea, coffee, chocolate, or cola).
- •Consumption of any quinine containing beverages (bitter lemon, tonic water) or food within two weeks before and during the study.
- •Drinking of alcohol containing beverages within 48 hours before administration of investigational product(s).
- •Blood donation or comparable blood loss (more than 100 milliliters) during the last 3 months.
- •History of seizures or at risk (i.e., head trauma, epilepsy in family anamnesis, unclear loss of consciousness).
- •Known or suspected of not being able to comply with the study protocol.
- •Not able to communicate meaningfully with the investigator and staff.
- •Smoking of more than 20 cigarettes per day or equivalent.
- •History of any disorder of the respiratory center.
- •Unhealthy skin according to examination by the study physician, not allowing proper patch administration.
Arms & Interventions
Test Product T1: Buprenorphine patch (9 mg)
Buprenorphine transdermal patch formulation, containing 9 milligrams buprenorphine in an active surface area of 25 square centimeters. Single application of transdermal patch during 96 hours, on skin in the midclavicular line directly under the clavicle.
Matching placebo patch to T1: simultaneous application for 96 hours on the upper back.
Intervention: Matching placebo patch to T1 (Drug)
Test Product T2: Buprenorphine patch (3.8 mg)
Buprenorphine transdermal patch formulation, containing 3.8 milligrams buprenorphine in an active surface area of 10 square centimeters. Single application of patch during 96 hours, on skin in the midclavicular line directly under the clavicle.
Matching placebo patch to T2: simultaneous application for 96 hours on the upper back.
Intervention: Matching placebo patch to T2 (Drug)
Reference Product R: Transtec patch (20 mg)
Transtec (Registered Trademark) transdermal patch containing 20 milligrams buprenorphine in an active surface area of 25 square centimeters. Single application of transdermal patch during 96 hours, on skin in the midclavicular line directly under the clavicle.
Matching placebo patch to R: simultaneous application for 96 hours on the upper back.
Intervention: Matching placebo patch to R (Drug)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of buprenorphine
Time Frame: pre-dose, and after 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 80, 88, 96, 104, 112, 120, 132, 144, 156, and 168 hours post-dose
Maximum plasma concentration, highest observed plasma concentration of the measured concentration-time profile. Blood sampling for the determination of the plasma concentrations will be performed at the following time points:
Area under the concentration-time extrapolated to infinity (AUC)
Time Frame: pre-dose, and after 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 80, 88, 96, 104, 112, 120, 132, 144, 156, and 168 hours post-dose
For the analysis of buprenorphine in human plasma a liquid chromatography-double quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-validated method will be used. AUC is calculated by summation of the partial areas AUC(0-t) and the residual area AUC(t-∞) represents the recalculated plasma concentration at the last sampling time point with a quantifiable concentration. Blood sampling for the determination of the plasma concentrations will be performed at the following time points:
Area under the concentration-time curve up the last quantifiable plasma concentration (AUC0-t)
Time Frame: pre-dose, and after 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 80, 88, 96, 104, 112, 120, 132, 144, 156, and 168 hours post-dose
Area under data from administration until the last sampling point (tz) with a quantifiable concentration, calculated by the linear/log trapezoidal method, i.e., the linear trapezoidal rule is applied up to Cmax and then the log trapezoidal rule is applied for the remainder of the curve. If multiple maxima are observed in the concentration-time curve, Cmax is assigned to the first maximum. Blood sampling for the determination of the plasma concentrations will be performed at the following time points:
Secondary Outcomes
- Lag-time observed from dosing to the time-point prior to the first quantifiable plasma concentration (tlag)(pre-dose, and after 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 80, 88, 96, 104, 112, 120, 132, 144, 156, and 168 hours post-dose)
- Assessment of skin irritation(At baseline, on Days 1-5 (immediately and 20 min following patch removal), on Days 8-10 (120 hours following patch application))
- Incidence of treatment emergent adverse events(From Day 1 (patch application) until Day 12 (Final examination))
- Time to attain maximum plasma concentration (tmax)(pre-dose, and after 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 80, 88, 96, 104, 112, 120, 132, 144, 156, and 168 hours post-dose)
- Terminal half-life (t1/2,z)(pre-dose, and after 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 80, 88, 96, 104, 112, 120, 132, 144, 156, and 168 hours post-dose)
- Assessment of skin adhesiveness(Day 1 to Day 5)